马库姆煤田附近的地下水水质,以其高硫煤矿床而闻名,被调查。煤中硫的氧化产生酸性矿井排水(AMD),污染自然资源的全球环境挑战。该地区的高含硫煤含量加剧了AMD的形成,需要全面评估其对人类健康和环境的影响。这项研究分析了水质参数,如pH值,EC,TDS,Na+,Ca+2,Mg+2,K+,HCO3-,SO4-2,F-,Cl-,和地下水中的NO3-,与标准品相比,有关低pH值(5.8)和氟化物浓度(0.15mg/L)的发现。通过吉布斯图分析地下水化学以确定控制水成分的来源,Piper图表,和饱和指数。吉布斯图表明,岩石风化是控制地下水化学的关键因素,而Piper图表明Ca-Cl是主要的水类型。此外,对地下水化学的深入分析表明,碳酸盐溶解主要是由于方解石等矿物而发生的,白云石,还有石膏,饱和指数支持的研究结果。本研究的平均水质指数为40.19,表明在分析的52个样品中,有51个水质良好。成人和儿童的平均危害指数值分别为0.60和0.58,表明52个样本中有49个存在与硝酸盐和氟化物污染相关的非致癌风险。灌溉指数,图形表示,如Wilcox和Doneen分类,USSL图阐明了灌溉目的的适用性。此外,主成分分析确定了源自地质过程和采矿活动的离子源。该研究强调环境评估,健康风险管理,以及高硫煤矿区地下水的可持续做法。
The groundwater quality in the vicinity of the Makum coalfield, renowned for its high-sulfur coal deposits, was investigated. The oxidation of sulfur in the coal generates acid mine drainage (AMD), a global environmental challenge that contaminates natural resources. The region\'s high sulfur coal content intensifies AMD formation, necessitating a comprehensive assessment of its impact on human health and the environment. This study analyzes the water quality parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, Na+, Ca+2, Mg+2, K+, HCO3-, SO4-2, F-, Cl -, and NO3- in groundwater, findings concerning low pH levels (5.8) and fluoride concentration (0.15 mg/L) compared to standards. Groundwater chemistry was analyzed to identify the sources controlling water composition through Gibbs diagrams, Piper diagrams, and saturation indices. The Gibbs diagram shows that rock weathering is the crucial factor controlling groundwater chemistry, while the Piper diagram indicates Ca-Cl as the Principal water type. Additionally, an in-depth analysis of groundwater chemistry reveals that carbonate dissolution primarily occurs due to minerals like calcite, dolomite, and gypsum, findings supported by saturation indices. The present study yielded an average water quality index of 40.19, indicating excellent to good water quality in 51 out of 52 samples analyzed. The average hazard index values for adults and children were 0.60 and 0.58, respectively, indicating that 49 of 52 samples pose negative non-carcinogenic risks associated with nitrate and fluoride contamination. The irrigation indices, graphical representations such as the Wilcox and Doneen classification, and the USSL diagram elucidate the suitability for irrigation purposes. Moreover, the Principal Component Analysis identified the sources of ions as originating from geogenic processes and mining activities. The study stresses environmental assessments, health risk management, and sustainable practices for groundwater in high-sulfur coal mining areas.