背景:慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一种普遍的疾病,煤矿工人队伍中逐渐涌动。本研究试图阐明粉尘暴露和吸烟对煤矿工人COPD发病率的影响,同时为这种疾病制定预防策略。
方法:进行了一项巢式病例对照研究,包括1,416名年龄≥18岁的参与者,持续时间从(2017-2018)到2020年。细致的匹配过程产生了708名COPD患者的队列,每个人都与一个对照对象配对,形成和谐的1:1比例。采用多元逻辑回归分析来审查吸烟,煤工COPD粉尘暴露。
结果:接受调查的煤炭工人队列中的COPD患病率为22.66%,伴随的发病率密度为0.09/人年。在对混杂变量进行精心调整之后,发现累积粉尘暴露在47.19〜范围内(OR:1.90,95%CI:1.05,3.44),101.27~(OR:1.99,95%CI:1.17,3.39),以及吸烟指数为72~(OR:1.85,95%CI:1.19,2.88),145~(OR:1.74,95%CI:1.17,2.61),310~(OR:1.85,95%CI:1.23,2.77)导致煤炭工人患COPD的脆弱性升级。此外,相互作用分析发现,粉尘暴露之间不存在乘法和加法相互作用,吸烟,和煤工中COPD的发生。
结论:明确确定粉尘暴露和吸烟是煤工人群中COPD发病率的诱发危险因素,尽管这两个因果因素之间没有任何可辨别的相互作用。
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a prevalent ailment, progressively surging within the ranks of coal mine laborers. The current study endeavors to elucidate the effects of dust exposure and smoking on COPD incidence amongst coal mine workers, while concurrently devising preventive strategies for this affliction.
A nested
case-control study was conducted encompassing 1,416 participants aged ≥ 18 years, spanning the duration from (2017-2018) until 2020. A meticulous matching process yielded a cohort of 708 COPD patients, each paired with a control subject, forming a harmonious 1:1 ratio. Multiple logistic regression analysis was employed to scrutinize the associations between smoking, dust exposure with COPD among coal workers.
The COPD prevalence within the cohort of coal workers under investigation amounted to 22.66%, with an accompanying incidence density of 0.09/person-year. Following meticulous adjustment for confounding variables, it was discerned that cumulative dust exposure within the range of 47.19 ~ (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.05, 3.44), 101.27 ~ (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.17, 3.39), as well as smoking indices of 72 ~ (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.88), 145 ~ (OR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.17, 2.61), 310 ~ (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.77) engender an escalated vulnerability to COPD among coal workers. Furthermore, interaction analysis discerned an absence of both multiplicative and additive interactions between dust exposure, smoking, and COPD occurrence amidst coal workers.
Dust exposure and smoking were unequivocally identified as precipitating risk factors for COPD incidence within the population of coal workers, albeit devoid of any discernible interaction between these two causal agents.