球孢子菌病,组织胞浆菌病,和芽生菌病是下呼吸道真菌感染,其体征和症状可能类似于其他呼吸道疾病,包括由细菌或病毒病因引起的肺炎;这种临床表现的重叠可能导致漏诊或延误诊断.致病真菌生活在环境中,通常在土壤或植物物质中。为了描述球孢子菌病病例的流行病学特征,组织胞浆菌病,在COVID-19大流行期间和胚生菌病,CDC分析了2019-2021年的病例监测数据。在此期间,共有59,655例球孢子菌病病例,3,595例组织胞浆菌病,疾病预防控制中心报告了719例芽生菌病病例。2020年,与其他季节相比,春季发生的每种疾病的病例较少,大多数病例发生在秋天;通常不会观察到国家季节性,2019年和2021年病例的季节性分布较为均匀。与COVID-19大流行开始相吻合的病例越来越少,连同2021年异常高的芽生菌病病例死亡率(17%,而更典型的死亡率为8%-10%),表明大流行可能影响了患者寻求医疗保健的行为,公共卫生报告实践,或这些疾病的临床管理。需要提高认识和教育,以鼓励医疗保健提供者考虑真菌疾病并确定真菌病因的肺炎。可以将真菌检测的标准化诊断指导和信息资源纳入更广泛的呼吸系统疾病认识和准备工作,以改善球孢子菌病的早期诊断。组织胞浆菌病,和胚生菌病。
Coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, and
blastomycosis are lower respiratory tract fungal infections whose signs and symptoms can resemble those of other respiratory illnesses, including pneumonia caused by bacterial or viral etiologies; this overlap in clinical presentation might lead to missed or delayed diagnoses. The causative fungi live in the environment, often in soil or plant matter. To describe the epidemiologic characteristics of cases of coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, and
blastomycosis during the COVID-19 pandemic, CDC analyzed case surveillance data for 2019-2021. During this period, a total of 59,655 coccidioidomycosis cases, 3,595 histoplasmosis cases, and 719
blastomycosis cases were reported to CDC. In 2020, fewer cases of each disease occurred in spring compared with other seasons, and most cases occurred in fall; national seasonality is not typically observed, and cases were seasonally distributed more evenly in 2019 and 2021. Fewer cases coinciding with the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, along with an unusually high
blastomycosis case fatality rate in 2021 (17% compared with more typical rates of 8%-10%), suggest that the pandemic might have affected patients\' health care-seeking behavior, public health reporting practices, or clinical management of these diseases. Increased awareness and education are needed to encourage health care providers to consider fungal diseases and to identify pneumonia of fungal etiology. Standardized diagnostic guidance and informational resources for fungal testing could be incorporated into broader respiratory disease awareness and preparedness efforts to improve early diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, and
blastomycosis.