背景:这项研究调查了运动训练对2型糖尿病患者运动因子的影响,以确定最佳的运动处方。
方法:在3个数据库中进行了相关研究的系统搜索。包括研究运动训练对以下至少一种运动因子的影响的随机对照试验:脂联素,apelin,脑源性神经营养因子,fetuin-A,成纤维细胞生长因子-21,卵泡抑素,ghrelin,白细胞介素(IL)-6,IL-8,IL-10,IL-15,IL-18,瘦素,肌肉生长抑制素,门汀,抵抗素,视黄醇结合蛋白4,肿瘤坏死因子-α,和visfatin。
结果:选择40项随机对照试验进行数据提取(n=2160)。运动训练诱导脂联素的变化,fetuin-A,成纤维细胞生长因子-21,IL-6,IL-10,瘦素,抵抗素,和肿瘤坏死因子-α水平,但对apelin没有显著影响,IL-18和生长素释放肽与对照相比。体育锻炼有利于集中运动的大而积极的变化(即,从几个运动因子计算的总体效应大小)(对冲g=1.02,95%置信区间(95CI):0.76-1.28),这反过来与糖化血红蛋白的变化有关(平均差(MD)=-0.81%,95CI:-0.95%至-0.67%),空腹血糖(MD=-23.43mg/dL,95CI:-30.07mg/dL至-16.80mg/dL),腰围(MD=-3.04cm,95CI:-4.02厘米至-2.07厘米),和体重(MD=-1.93kg,95CI:-2.00千克至-1.86千克)。在有氧运动中观察到稍强的效果,阻力,或高强度间隔方案,中等强度至高强度,计划时间超过24周,包括每周至少3次,每次超过60分钟。
结论:运动训练是一种抗炎治疗和代谢改善策略,对2型糖尿病患者具有最小的副作用。
This study investigates the effects of exercise training on exerkines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to determine the optimal exercise prescription.
A systematic search for relevant studies was performed in 3 databases. Randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise training on at least one of the following exerkines were included: adiponectin,
apelin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, fetuin-A, fibroblast growth factor-21, follistatin, ghrelin, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, IL-18, leptin, myostatin, omentin, resistin, retinol-binding protein 4, tumor necrosis factor-α, and visfatin.
Forty randomized controlled trials were selected for data extraction (n = 2160). Exercise training induces changes in adiponectin, fetuin-A, fibroblast growth factor-21, IL-6, IL-10, leptin, resistin, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels but has no significant effects on
apelin, IL-18, and ghrelin compared to controls. Physical exercise training favored large and positive changes in pooled exerkines (i.e., an overall effect size calculated from several exerkines) (Hedge\'s g = 1.02, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.76-1.28), which in turn were related to changes in glycated hemoglobin (mean difference (MD) = -0.81%, 95%CI: -0.95% to -0.67%), fasting glucose (MD = -23.43 mg/dL, 95%CI: -30.07 mg/dL to -16.80 mg/dL), waist circumference (MD = -3.04 cm, 95%CI: -4.02 cm to -2.07 cm), and body mass (MD = -1.93 kg, 95%CI: -2.00 kg to -1.86 kg). Slightly stronger effects were observed with aerobic, resistance, or high-intensity interval protocols at moderate- to vigorous-intensity and with programs longer than 24 weeks that comprise at least 3 sessions per week and more than 60 min per session.
Exercise training represents an anti-inflammatory therapy and metabolism-improving strategy with minimal side effects for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.