背景:年轻人中心理健康问题的患病率不断上升,在全球医疗体系面临压力的背景下,强调了培养一支有弹性的医疗劳动力的必要性。本研究调查了社会经济地位(SES)对心理健康的影响,特别关注一年级医学生的焦虑敏感性(AS)和不确定性不容忍(IU)。了解影响医学生的心理维度对于培养既有能力又心理健康的未来医务人员至关重要。
方法:这项研究涉及321名一年级医学生,使用感知压力问卷(PSQ)进行评估,焦虑敏感指数(ASI)不确定度量表(UI-18),和学生自我效能感量表(SSE),与社会经济分类并驾齐驱。采用描述性统计数据,方差分析,和相关分析,这项研究旨在阐明SES对AS和IU的影响,在其他心理结构中。
结果:分析显示与SES相关的显着差异,特别是在焦虑敏感性和对不确定性的不容忍领域。值得注意的是,ASI_C(认知关注)与UI_A(由于IU而降低的行动能力)(Pearson的r=0.562,p<0.001)和UI_B(由于IU而造成的负担)(Pearson的r=0.605,p<0.001)均表现出强的正相关,强调焦虑和不确定性不容忍的认知方面之间的联系。此外,UI_C(由于IU引起的警惕性)与SES显着相关(F(4,316)=2.719,p=0.030,η²=0.033),指出社会经济因素调节对不确定性的反应的复杂方式。自我效能感作为一种重要的平衡出现,显示针对焦虑敏感性升高和不确定性不耐受的不利影响的保护性关联。
结论:我们的研究结果表明,较低的社会经济地位与较高水平的焦虑敏感性和对不确定性的不容忍有关。这增加了一年级医学生的压力。此外,自我效能感成为一个重要的保护因素,减轻AS和IU的表达。虽然医学院不能改变学生体内的SES特征,认识到它的影响可以开发量身定制的支持系统,以解决来自不同社会经济背景的学生面临的独特挑战。这项研究强调了考虑社会多样性的必要性,特别是关于AS和IU特性,在苛刻的工作环境中培养支持性和有效的医学教育环境,并展望可持续的心理健康。
BACKGROUND: The escalating prevalence of mental health issues among young adults, set against the backdrop of a global healthcare system under pressure, underscores the necessity for cultivating a resilient medical workforce. This study investigates the influence of socio-economic status (SES) on psychological well-being, with a particular focus on Anxiety Sensitivity (AS) and Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) among first-year medical students. Understanding the psychological dimensions affecting medical students is crucial for fostering a future medical workforce that is both capable and mentally healthy.
METHODS: This research involved 321 first-year medical students, evaluated using the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ), Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (UI-18), and the Student Self-Efficacy Scale (SSE), alongside socio-economic categorization. Employing descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and correlation analyses, the study aimed at elucidating the SES impact on AS and IU, among other psychological constructs.
RESULTS: The analysis revealed significant SES-related differences, especially in the realms of Anxiety Sensitivity and Intolerance of Uncertainty. Notably, ASI_C (cognitive concerns) exhibited strong positive correlations with both UI_A (reduced ability to act due to IU) (Pearson\'s r = 0.562, p < 0.001) and UI_B (burden due to IU) (Pearson\'s r = 0.605, p < 0.001), highlighting the link between cognitive aspects of anxiety and uncertainty intolerance. Furthermore, UI_C (vigilance due to IU) was significantly associated with SES (F(4, 316) = 2.719, p = 0.030, η² = 0.033), pointing to the complex ways in which socio-economic factors modulate responses to uncertainty. Self-efficacy emerged as a significant counterbalance, showing protective associations against the adverse effects of heightened Anxiety Sensitivity and Intolerance of Uncertainty.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that lower socio-economic status is associated with higher levels of Anxiety Sensitivity and Intolerance of Uncertainty, which contribute to increased stress among first-year medical students. Additionally, Self-Efficacy emerged as a significant protective factor, mitigating the expressions of AS and IU. Although medical faculties cannot change SES characteristics within their student body, recognizing its impact allows for the development of tailored support systems to address the unique challenges faced by students from diverse socio-economic backgrounds. This study underscores the necessity of considering social diversity, particularly regarding AS and IU characteristics, to foster a supportive and effective medical education environment with an outlook on sustainable mental health in a demanding work context.