Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Anxiety sensitivity (AS) refers to fear of anxiety-related sensory arousal and has been revealed to be associated with increased psychological distress and mental problems. Although Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3) has been confirmed to be effective in evaluating this construct, whether it is consistently applicable in college students is still elusive. The present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties and measurement invariance of Chinese version of ASI-3 (C-ASI-3) among college students experiencing campus lockdown due to novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
METHODS: A total of 1532 Chinese college students (397, 25.9% males) aged between 16 and 25 were included in this study. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to verify the factor structure of C-ASI-3. Multi-group CFA was conducted for analysis of measurement invariance with regard to gender. McDonald\'s omega values were computed for examination of scale reliability. For criterion, convergent, and divergent validity, average variance extracted (AVE) values for C-ASI-3 subscales, difference between square root of AVE for each factor and inter-factor correlation, as well as pearson correlation and partial correlation between the C-ASI-3 and other three scales, including the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19 S) were evaluated.
RESULTS: The C-ASI-3 presented a three-factor scale structure with fit indices being as follows: χ2/df = 11.590, CFI = 0.938, RMSEA = 0.083, SRMR = 0.042. Strict measurement invariance was reached across gender. Regarding convergent validity, the C-ASI-3 had a high correlation with the DASS-21 (r = 0.597, p < 0.01) and the STAI (r = 0.504, p < 0.01). All AVE values for C-ASI-3 subscales were above 0.5. In terms of divergent validity, the C-ASI-3 had medium correlation with the FCV-19 S (r = 0.360, p < 0.01). Square of root of AVE for each factor was higher that inter-factor correlation. McDonald\'s omega values of the three dimensions ranged from 0.898 ~ 0.958.
CONCLUSIONS: The C-ASI-3 has acceptable psychometric properties among college students. College students with different gender have consistent understanding on the scale construct.
METHODS: A total of 1532 Chinese college students (397, 25.9% males) aged between 16 and 25 were included in this study. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to verify the factor structure of C-ASI-3. Multi-group CFA was conducted for analysis of measurement invariance with regard to gender. McDonald\'s omega values were computed for examination of scale reliability. For criterion, convergent, and divergent validity, average variance extracted (AVE) values for C-ASI-3 subscales, difference between square root of AVE for each factor and inter-factor correlation, as well as pearson correlation and partial correlation between the C-ASI-3 and other three scales, including the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19 S) were evaluated.
RESULTS: The C-ASI-3 presented a three-factor scale structure with fit indices being as follows: χ2/df = 11.590, CFI = 0.938, RMSEA = 0.083, SRMR = 0.042. Strict measurement invariance was reached across gender. Regarding convergent validity, the C-ASI-3 had a high correlation with the DASS-21 (r = 0.597, p < 0.01) and the STAI (r = 0.504, p < 0.01). All AVE values for C-ASI-3 subscales were above 0.5. In terms of divergent validity, the C-ASI-3 had medium correlation with the FCV-19 S (r = 0.360, p < 0.01). Square of root of AVE for each factor was higher that inter-factor correlation. McDonald\'s omega values of the three dimensions ranged from 0.898 ~ 0.958.
CONCLUSIONS: The C-ASI-3 has acceptable psychometric properties among college students. College students with different gender have consistent understanding on the scale construct.
摘要：
目的：焦虑敏感性（AS）是指对焦虑相关的感觉唤醒的恐惧，并已被发现与心理困扰和精神问题的增加有关。虽然焦虑敏感性指数-3（ASI-3）已被证实在评估该结构中是有效的，它是否在大学生中一贯适用仍然难以捉摸。本研究旨在研究因2019年新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行而遭受校园封锁的大学生中ASI-3（C-ASI-3）的中文版心理测量特性和测量不变性。
方法：本研究共纳入1532名16至25岁的中国大学生（397名，男性25.9%）。采用验证性因子分析(CFA)验证C-ASI-3的因子结构。进行了多组CFA，以分析性别方面的测量不变性。计算McDonald的欧米茄值，以检查量表的可靠性。对于标准，convergent,和不同的有效性，C-ASI-3分量表的平均方差提取(AVE)值，每个因素的AVE平方根与因素间相关性之间的差异，以及C-ASI-3与其他三个量表之间的皮尔逊相关性和偏相关，包括大萧条,焦虑,和应力标度-21(DASS-21)，状态特质焦虑量表(STAI)，并对COVID-19恐惧量表(FCV-19S)进行评估。
结果：C-ASI-3呈现三因素尺度结构，拟合指数如下：χ2/df=11.590，CFI=0.938，RMSEA=0.083，SRMR=0.042。性别之间达到了严格的测量不变性。关于收敛有效性，C-ASI-3与DASS-21（r=0.597，p<0.01）和STAI（r=0.504，p<0.01）高度相关。C-ASI-3分量表的所有AVE值均大于0.5。就分歧有效性而言，C-ASI-3与FCV-19S呈中等相关性（r=0.360，p<0.01）。各因子AVE的根的平方高于因子间相关性。三个维度的麦当劳欧米茄值范围为0.898~0.958。
结论：C-ASI-3在大学生中具有可接受的心理测量特性。不同性别的大学生对量表结构的理解是一致的。
方法：本研究共纳入1532名16至25岁的中国大学生（397名，男性25.9%）。采用验证性因子分析(CFA)验证C-ASI-3的因子结构。进行了多组CFA，以分析性别方面的测量不变性。计算McDonald的欧米茄值，以检查量表的可靠性。对于标准，convergent,和不同的有效性，C-ASI-3分量表的平均方差提取(AVE)值，每个因素的AVE平方根与因素间相关性之间的差异，以及C-ASI-3与其他三个量表之间的皮尔逊相关性和偏相关，包括大萧条,焦虑,和应力标度-21(DASS-21)，状态特质焦虑量表(STAI)，并对COVID-19恐惧量表(FCV-19S)进行评估。
结果：C-ASI-3呈现三因素尺度结构，拟合指数如下：χ2/df=11.590，CFI=0.938，RMSEA=0.083，SRMR=0.042。性别之间达到了严格的测量不变性。关于收敛有效性，C-ASI-3与DASS-21（r=0.597，p<0.01）和STAI（r=0.504，p<0.01）高度相关。C-ASI-3分量表的所有AVE值均大于0.5。就分歧有效性而言，C-ASI-3与FCV-19S呈中等相关性（r=0.360，p<0.01）。各因子AVE的根的平方高于因子间相关性。三个维度的麦当劳欧米茄值范围为0.898~0.958。
结论：C-ASI-3在大学生中具有可接受的心理测量特性。不同性别的大学生对量表结构的理解是一致的。
