背景:弓形虫是一种专性的细胞内原生动物,可以感染几乎所有的温血动物,包括人类。弓形虫病和HIV共同感染的患者患弓形虫病脑炎的风险为30-40%。这项研究旨在描述伊朗艾滋病毒感染者弓形虫的流行病学和负担。
方法:我们搜索了五个英文数据库(ScienceDirect,PubMed,Scopus,奥维德,Embase,和Cochrane)和四个波斯语数据库(科学信息数据库(SID),伊朗Medex,伊朗医生,和Magiran)的术语为(弓形虫或“弓形虫病”)和(HIV或“AIDS”或免疫缺陷或获得性免疫缺陷综合征)以及(血清流行病学)和(血清流行病学研究)以及(Elisa或IgG)和(PCR)和(伊朗)由两位作者提供,直到2021年2月。如果他们调查了HIV感染者,并提供了使我们能够确定伊朗弓形虫感染患病率的数据,则包括研究。
结果:根据纳入/排除标准,选择了15项研究。从2005年到2018年,在伊朗不同地区对2275名艾滋病毒感染者进行了弓形虫病检测和评估。使用随机效应模型获得了HIV感染的Elisa个体弓形虫病的加权总体患病率,估计为47%(95%CI=31%-62%)。此外,使用随机效应模型,通过PCR获得HIV感染个体弓形虫病的加权总体患病率,估计为7%(95%CI=3%-12%)。
结论:根据本研究的结果,可以清楚地理解,生活在伊朗的大量艾滋病毒患者患有弓形虫病。因此,由于这些群体对弓形虫病的高度易感性,医疗保健专业人员必须考虑采取措施,例如在传播和预防感染到这一高危人群的方式方面进行培训,以降低感染风险。
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan that can infect almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. Patients with co-infection with toxoplasmosis and HIV have a 30-40% risk of developing toxoplasmosis encephalitis. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and burden of Toxoplasma gondii in HIV-infected individuals in Iran.
We searched the five English databases (Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Embase, and Cochrane) and four Persian databases (Scientific Information Database (SID), Iran Medex, Iran Doc, and Magiran) with the terms of (Toxoplasma gondii OR \"toxoplasmosis\") AND (HIV OR \"AIDS\" OR immunodeficiency OR acquired immune deficiency syndrome) AND (Seroprevalence) AND (Seroepidemiologic Studies) AND (Elisa OR IgG) AND (PCR) AND (Iran) by two authors up to Feb 2021. Studies were included if they investigated people with HIV infection and presented data that allowed us to establish the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Iran.
According to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 15 studies were selected. A total number of 2275 HIV-infected individuals were tested and evaluated for toxoplasmosis from 2005 up to 2018 in different regions of Iran. The weighted overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected individuals with Elisa was obtained using a random-effects model, which was estimated at 47% (95% CI = 31% - 62%). Also, the Weighted overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected individuals with PCR was obtained using a random-effects model, which was estimated at 7% (95% CI = 3% - 12%).
According to the results of this study, it can be clearly understood that a large population of HIV patients living in Iran have toxoplasmosis. Therefore, due to the high susceptibility of these groups to toxoplasmosis, healthcare professionals must consider measures such as training in the ways of transmission and prevention of the infection to this high-risk group in order to reduce the risk of infection.