背景:基于社区的方法可能会增加磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶(IPTp-SP)对妊娠期疟疾的间歇性预防性治疗的吸收。我们评估了基于社区的方法对IPTp-SP和产前护理覆盖率的影响,以及撒哈拉以南非洲执行的障碍和促进者。
方法:我们进行了系统综述,荟萃分析,元人种学,和经济评估。我们搜索了世卫组织国际临床试验注册平台,PubMed,怀孕疟疾图书馆数据库,Medline,全球卫生和全球卫生档案,和Cochrane图书馆进行试验,混合方法,定性,以及社区卫生工作者促进产前护理的成本效益研究,IPTp-SP交付,或者两者兼而有之,没有语言限制,在2024年3月21日之前发布。关于干预措施的信息,IPTp-SP剂量的数量,产前护理访问,并提取了障碍和促进者。我们进行了一项荟萃分析(随机效应),比较了两种或更多种或三种或更多种IPTp-SP剂量以及一次或多次或四次或更多次产前护理访问的效果。我们遵循Noblet和Hare的元人种学方法来综合定性发现,使用互惠翻译和参数行综合。我们开发了一种增加社区IPTp-SP摄取的理论。我们还总结了成本和成本效益研究。这项研究在PROSPERO注册,CRD42022364114。
结果:在筛选的4753条记录中,我们纳入了15项研究的23项(0·5%)报告。社区卫生工作者的参与与两个或更多IPTp-SP剂量的增加有关(合并风险比1·48,[95%CI1·24-1·75];12个子研究;I294·7%)和三个或更多IPTp-SP剂量(1·73[1·19-2·50];十个子研究,I297·5%),4次或4次以上的产前检查没有减少(1·17[1·00-1·36];13个子研究;I290·3%)。集群随机对照试验显示,与之前和之后的研究(2·86[1·29-6·33];I298·9%;四项研究;亚组分析p=0·019)相比,三个或更多IPTp-SP剂量的覆盖率增加较低(1·08[1·00-1·16];I20·0%;6项研究)。社区卫生工作者提供IPTp-SP的障碍包括妇女对副作用的恐惧,缺乏知识,对社区卫生工作者缺乏信任,和社会文化因素。社区敏感化,丈夫的订婚,预先建立的社区卫生工作者网络,和培训和支持的社区卫生工作者促进了社区卫生工作者的IPTp-SP交付。每减少残疾调整生命年的成本效益比增量为$1到$543。
结论:基于社区的方法增加了IPTp-SP的覆盖率,除了具有成本效益外,还可能对产前护理就诊次数产生积极影响,尽管我们发现研究之间存在高度异质性。除了已建立的社区敏感性和参与,受过训练,和支持的社区卫生工作者可以促进可接受性,delivery,以及社区卫生工作者提供的IPTp-SP的摄取。
背景:欧盟支持的EDCTP-2。
■有关摘要的法语翻译,请参见补充材料部分。
BACKGROUND: Community-based approaches might increase uptake of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP). We assessed the effects of community-based approaches on IPTp-SP and antenatal care coverage, and barriers and facilitators to implementation in sub-Saharan Africa.
METHODS: We did a systematic review, meta-analysis, meta-ethnography, and economic assessment. We searched the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, PubMed, the Malaria in Pregnancy Library database, Medline, Global Health and Global Health Archives, and the Cochrane Library for trials, mixed-methods, qualitative, and cost-effectiveness studies of community health worker promotion of antenatal care, IPTp-SP delivery, or both, with no language restrictions, published before March 21, 2024. Information on interventions, number of IPTp-SP doses, antenatal care visits, and barriers and facilitators were extracted. We did a meta-analysis (random effects) comparing effects on two or more or three or more IPTp-SP doses and one or more or four or more antenatal care visits. We followed Noblit and Hare\'s method of meta-ethnography to synthesise qualitative findings, using reciprocal translation and line-of-argument synthesis. We developed a theory for increased community IPTp-SP uptake. We also summarised cost and cost-effectiveness studies. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022364114.
RESULTS: Of 4753 records screened, we included 23 (0·5%) reporting on 15 studies. Community health worker involvement was associated with an increase in two or more IPTp-SP doses (pooled risk ratio 1·48, [95% CI 1·24-1·75]; 12 sub-studies; I2 94·7%) and three or more IPTp-SP doses (1·73 [1·19-2·50]; ten sub-studies, I2 97·5%), with no decrease in four or more antenatal care visits (1·17 [1·00-1·36]; 13 sub-studies; I2 90·3%). Cluster-randomised controlled trials showed a lower increase in coverage of three or more IPTp-SP doses (1·08 [1·00-1·16]; I2 0·0%; six studies) compared with before-and-after studies (2·86 [1·29-6·33]; I2 98·9%; four studies; subgroup analysis p=0·019). Barriers to community health worker delivery of IPTp-SP included women\'s fear of side-effects, lack of knowledge, lack of trust in community health workers, and sociocultural factors. Community sensitisation, engagement of husbands, pre-established community health worker networks, and trained and supported community health workers facilitated IPTp-SP delivery by community health workers. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios ranged from $1·1 to $543 per disability-adjusted life-year averted.
CONCLUSIONS: Community-based approaches increased IPTp-SP coverage and might have a positive effect on the number of antenatal care visits in addition to being cost-effective, although we found high heterogeneity among studies. Community sensitisation and engagement in addition to established, trained, and supported community health workers can facilitate acceptability, delivery, and uptake of IPTp-SP delivered by community health workers.
BACKGROUND: EDCTP-2 supported by the European Union.
UNASSIGNED: For the French translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.