PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The applicability of the specific human IgG antibody response to Anopheles gambiae salivary Gland Protein-6 peptide 1 (gSG6-P1 salivary peptide) as a biomarker able to distinguish the level of exposure to mosquito bites according to seasonal variations has not yet been evaluated in Central African regions. The study aimed to provide the first reliable data on the IgG anti-gSG6-P1 response in rural area in Cameroon according to the dry- and rainy-season. Between May and December 2020, dry blood samples were collected from people living in the Bankeng village in the forest area of the Centre region of Cameroon. Malaria infection was determined by thick-blood smear microscopy and multiplex PCR. The level of IgG anti-gSG6-P1 response, was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anopheles density and aggressiveness were assessed using human landing catches. The prevalence of malaria infection remains significantly higher in the rainy season than in the dry season (77.57% vs 61.44%; p = 0.0001). The specific anti-gSG6-P1 IgG response could be detected in individuals exposed to few mosquito bites and showed inter-individual heterogeneity even when living in the same exposure area. In both seasons, the level of anti-gSG6-P1 IgG response was not significantly different between Plasmodium infected and non-infected individuals. Mosquito bites were more aggressive in the rainy season compared to the dry season (human biting rate-HBR of 15.05 b/p/n vs 1.5 b/p/n) where mosquito density was very low. Infected mosquitoes were found only during the rainy season (sporozoite rate = 10.63% and entomological inoculation rate-EIR = 1.42 ib/p/n). The level of IgG anti-gSG6-P1 response was significantly higher in the rainy season and correlated with HBR (p ˂ 0.0001). This study highlights the high heterogeneity of individual\'s exposure to the Anopheles gambiae s.l vector bites depending on the transmission season in the same area. These findings reinforce the usefulness of the anti-gSG6-P1 IgG response as an accurate immunological biomarker for detecting individual exposure to Anopheles gambiae s.l. bites during the low risk period of malaria transmission in rural areas and for the differentiating the level of exposure to mosquitoes.
摘要：
尚未评估对冈比亚按蚊唾液腺体蛋白6肽1（gSG6-P1唾液肽）的特异性人IgG抗体反应作为能够根据季节变化区分蚊虫叮咬水平的生物标志物的适用性。非洲中部地区。该研究旨在根据干季和雨季提供喀麦隆农村地区IgG抗gSG6-P1反应的第一个可靠数据。在2020年5月至12月之间，从喀麦隆中部地区森林地区Bankeng村的居民中收集了干血样本。通过厚血涂片显微镜和多重PCR确定疟疾感染。IgG抗gSG6-P1反应水平，通过酶联免疫吸附试验进行评估。使用人类着陆捕获量评估按蚊密度和侵袭性。雨季的疟疾感染率仍然明显高于旱季（77.57％vs61.44％；p=0.0001）。在暴露于很少蚊子叮咬的个体中可以检测到特定的抗gSG6-P1IgG反应，并且即使生活在同一暴露区域中也显示出个体间的异质性。在两个季节,疟原虫感染和未感染个体的抗gSG6-P1IgG应答水平无显著差异.与旱季相比，雨季的蚊虫叮咬更具侵略性（人类叮咬率-HBR为15.05b/p/nvs1.5b/p/n），那里的蚊虫密度非常低。仅在雨季发现感染的蚊子（子孢子率=10.63％，昆虫接种率-EIR=1.42ib/p/n）。在雨季，IgG抗gSG6-P1反应水平显着升高，并与HBR相关（p<0.0001）。这项研究强调了个体暴露于冈比亚按蚊s.l媒介叮咬的高度异质性，具体取决于同一地区的传播季节。这些发现加强了抗gSG6-P1IgG反应作为一种准确的免疫生物标志物的有用性，用于检测农村地区疟疾传播低风险期间个体接触冈比亚按蚊。
