PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: . Splash pads for recreational purposes are widespread. Using these pads can pose a health risk if they lack installation regulation and water quality supervision. Our aim was to describe a waterborne disease outbreak caused by Clostridium perfringens and Cryptosporidium spp. in a Barcelona district and the measures taken for its control.
METHODS: . On August 2018, 71 cases of acute gastroenteritis were detected, affecting people who used a splash pad or were in contact with a user. Microbiological and environmental investigations were carried out. A descriptive analysis of the sample and Poisson regression models adjusted for age and sex were performed, obtaining frequencies, median values, and adjusted prevalence ratios with their 95% confidence intervals.
RESULTS: The median age of the cases was 6.7 years, 27 (38%) required medical care, and three (4.2%) were hospitalized. The greater the number of times a person entered the area, the greater the number of symptoms and their severity. Nineteen (76%) of the 25 stool samples collected from cases showed the presence of one or both pathogens. Environmental investigations showed deficiencies in the facilities and identified the presence of both species in the splash pad. Health education and hygiene measures were carried out, and 14 days after the closure of the facilities, no more cases related to the pad were recorded.
CONCLUSIONS: . Specific regulations are needed on the use of splash pads for recreational purposes. Until these regulations are in place, these types of facility should comply with the regulations that apply to swimming pools and spas, including those related to the design of the tanks, water recirculation systems, and adequate disinfection systems.
METHODS: . On August 2018, 71 cases of acute gastroenteritis were detected, affecting people who used a splash pad or were in contact with a user. Microbiological and environmental investigations were carried out. A descriptive analysis of the sample and Poisson regression models adjusted for age and sex were performed, obtaining frequencies, median values, and adjusted prevalence ratios with their 95% confidence intervals.
RESULTS: The median age of the cases was 6.7 years, 27 (38%) required medical care, and three (4.2%) were hospitalized. The greater the number of times a person entered the area, the greater the number of symptoms and their severity. Nineteen (76%) of the 25 stool samples collected from cases showed the presence of one or both pathogens. Environmental investigations showed deficiencies in the facilities and identified the presence of both species in the splash pad. Health education and hygiene measures were carried out, and 14 days after the closure of the facilities, no more cases related to the pad were recorded.
CONCLUSIONS: . Specific regulations are needed on the use of splash pads for recreational purposes. Until these regulations are in place, these types of facility should comply with the regulations that apply to swimming pools and spas, including those related to the design of the tanks, water recirculation systems, and adequate disinfection systems.
摘要：
背景：。用于娱乐目的的防溅垫很普遍。如果缺乏安装法规和水质监督，使用这些垫可能会带来健康风险。我们的目的是描述由产气荚膜梭菌和隐孢子虫引起的水传播疾病爆发。在巴塞罗那地区以及为控制它而采取的措施。
方法：。2018年8月发现急性胃肠炎71例,影响使用防溅垫或与用户接触的人。进行了微生物和环境调查。对样本和Poisson回归模型进行了年龄和性别调整后的描述性分析，获取频率，中值，和调整后的患病率比率及其95%置信区间。
结果：病例的中位年龄为6.7岁，27（38%）需要医疗护理，3人(4.2%)住院.一个人进入该地区的次数越多，症状的数量和严重程度越大。从病例中收集的25个粪便样本中有19个（76％）显示存在一种或两种病原体。环境调查显示设施存在缺陷，并确定了飞溅垫中两种物种的存在。开展了健康教育和卫生措施,设施关闭14天后，没有记录更多与垫相关的病例.
结论：。对于用于娱乐目的的防溅垫的使用需要具体的规定。在这些规定出台之前，这些类型的设施应符合适用于游泳池和水疗中心的规定，包括与坦克设计相关的，水循环系统,和适当的消毒系统。
方法：。2018年8月发现急性胃肠炎71例,影响使用防溅垫或与用户接触的人。进行了微生物和环境调查。对样本和Poisson回归模型进行了年龄和性别调整后的描述性分析，获取频率，中值，和调整后的患病率比率及其95%置信区间。
结果：病例的中位年龄为6.7岁，27（38%）需要医疗护理，3人(4.2%)住院.一个人进入该地区的次数越多，症状的数量和严重程度越大。从病例中收集的25个粪便样本中有19个（76％）显示存在一种或两种病原体。环境调查显示设施存在缺陷，并确定了飞溅垫中两种物种的存在。开展了健康教育和卫生措施,设施关闭14天后，没有记录更多与垫相关的病例.
结论：。对于用于娱乐目的的防溅垫的使用需要具体的规定。在这些规定出台之前，这些类型的设施应符合适用于游泳池和水疗中心的规定，包括与坦克设计相关的，水循环系统,和适当的消毒系统。
