背景:尽管全球婴儿死亡人数有所减少,许多孩子在一岁生日前死去。婴儿死亡在低收入国家普遍存在,关于死因的信息是有限的。在埃塞俄比亚,53%的婴儿死亡发生在新生儿期,和174婴儿死亡发生在3684例出生。因此,这项研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚母亲的婴儿死亡经历及其预测因素。
方法:来自2019年EDHS数据集的1730个母亲加权样本,它是在埃塞俄比亚各地收集的,被纳入分析。使用了具有横断面研究设计的两阶段整群抽样技术。所有孩子年龄在0-12个月以下的母亲都被纳入本研究。考虑了六个计数回归模型,并使用Akaike的信息标准和贝叶斯信息标准与STATA15版软件进行了比较。婴儿死亡人数与可能预测因素之间的关联强度以小于0.05的P值确定,置信区间为95%。研究结果是通过使用事件发生率比率来解释的。
结果:在进行2019年EDHS调查之前的过去五年中,共有46.3%的母亲至少因死亡而失去了一名婴儿。婴儿死亡的均值和方差分别为2.55和5.58。直方图在开始时被极其挑选,表明大量母亲没有因死亡而失去婴儿,这表明数据具有正偏度。25-29岁以下的母亲(IRR:1.75,95%CI:1.48,2.24),和30-34岁(IRR:1.42,95%CI:1.12,2.82),索马里(内部收益率:1.47,95%CI:1.02,3.57),Gambela(内部收益率:1.33,95%CI:1.10,2.61),和Harari(IRR:1.39,95%CI:1.02,2.63)地区,农村居民母亲(IRR:1.68,95%CI:1.09,1.91,新教徒(IRR=1.43,95%CI:1.14,2.96),和穆斯林(IRR=1.59,95%CI:1.07,2.62)母亲的宗教信仰与婴儿死亡的高风险相关。然而,丰富的IRR:0.37,95%CI:.27,.81)和足够的ANC访问(IRR:0.28,95%CI:.25,.83)与婴儿死亡风险低相关。
结论:许多母亲经历过婴儿死亡,大多数婴儿死亡发生在出生后的第一个月。鼓励母亲参加产前检查,培养母亲对育儿的意识,确保农村居民平等的卫生服务分配和利用对于最大限度地减少婴儿死亡至关重要。教育低龄生殖母亲将是预防和控制婴儿死亡的必要干预措施。
BACKGROUND: Although
infant deaths worldwide have reduced, many children die before their first birthday.
Infant deaths are widespread in low-income countries, and information about the cause of death is limited. In Ethiopia, 53% of infants\' deaths occurred in their neonatal period, and 174 infants\' deaths occurred from 3684 births. Hence, this study aimed to assess mothers\' experiences with
infant death and its predictors in Ethiopia.
METHODS: A total of 1730 weighted samples of mothers from the 2019 EDHS dataset, which was collected across the regions of Ethiopia, were included for analysis. A two-stage cluster sampling technique with a cross-sectional study design was used. All mothers whose children were under the age of 0-12 months were included in this study. Six count regression models were considered and compared using Akaike\'s information criteria and Bayesian information criterion with STATA version 15 software. The strength of the association between the number of infant deaths and possible predictors was determined at a P-value less than 0.05, with a 95% confidence interval. The findings were interpreted by using the incident rate ratio.
RESULTS: A total of 46.3% of mothers had lost at least one
infant by death in the last five years before the 2019 EDHS survey was held. The mean and variance of
infant deaths were 2.55 and 5.58, respectively. The histogram was extremely picked at the beginning, indicating that a large number of mothers did not lose their infants by death, and that shows the data had positive skewness. Mothers under 25-29 years of age (IRR: 1.75, 95% CI:1.48, 2.24), and 30-34 years of age (IRR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.12, 2.82), Somali (IRR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.57), Gambela (IRR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.61), and Harari (IRR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.63) regions, rural resident mothers (IRR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.91, and Protestant (IRR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.14, 2.96), and Muslim (IRR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.62) religion fellow of mothers were associated with a high risk of infants\' deaths. Whereas, being rich IRR: 0.37, 95% CI: .27, .81) and adequate ANC visits (IRR: 0.28, 95% CI: .25, .83) were associated with a low risk of infant death.
CONCLUSIONS: Many mothers have experienced infant deaths, and the majority of infants\' deaths occur after the first month of birth. Encouraging mothers to attend antenatal care visits, creating mothers\' awareness about childcare, and ensuring equal health services distribution and utilization to rural residents are essential to minimize infant death. Educating lower-aged reproductive mothers would be a necessary intervention to prevent and control infant deaths.