Abstract：
The second part of this CME article discusses sunscreen regulation and safety considerations for humans and the environment. First, we provide an overview of the history of the United States Food and Drug Administration\'s regulation of sunscreen. Recent Food and Drug Administration studies clearly demonstrate that organic ultraviolet filters are systemically absorbed during routine sunscreen use, but to date there is no evidence of associated negative health effects. We also review the current evidence of sunscreen\'s association with vitamin D levels and frontal fibrosing alopecia, and recent concerns regarding benzene contamination. Finally, we review the possible environmental effects of ultraviolet filters, particularly coral bleaching. While climate change has been shown to be the primary driver of coral bleaching, laboratory-based studies suggest that organic ultraviolet filters represent an additional contributing factor, which led several localities to ban certain organic filters.
摘要：
CME文章的第二部分讨论了防晒霜法规以及对人类和环境的安全考虑。首先,我们概述了美国食品和药物管理局对防晒霜的监管历史。美国食品和药物管理局最近的研究清楚地表明，有机紫外线过滤剂在常规防晒霜使用过程中被系统吸收，但到目前为止还没有相关的负面健康影响的证据。我们还回顾了防晒霜与维生素D水平和额叶纤维性脱发的相关性的当前证据，以及最近对苯污染的担忧。最后,我们回顾了紫外线过滤器可能对环境的影响，尤其是珊瑚漂白。虽然气候变化已被证明是珊瑚白化的主要驱动力，基于实验室的研究表明，有机紫外线过滤器是一个额外的促成因素，这导致一些地方禁止某些有机过滤器。
