Abstract：
During the years, adsorption has garnered considerable attention being one of the most cost-effective and efficient methods for separating contaminants out of liquid phase. A comprehensive understanding of adsorption mechanisms entails several crucial steps, including adsorbent characterization, batch and column adsorption tests, fitting of predefined kinetic and isotherm models, and meticulous thermodynamic analysis. These combined efforts serve to provide clarity and insights into the intricate workings of adsorption phenomena. However, the vast amount of literature published in the field each year is riddled with ill-considered model selections and incorrect parameter analyses. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to establish guidelines for the proper employment of these numerous kinetic, isotherm, and fixed-bed models in various applications. A thorough review has been undertaken, encompassing more than 45 kinetic models, 70 isotherm models, and 45 fixed bed models available hitherto, with their classification determined based on the adsorption mechanisms expounded within each of them. Moreover, five general approaches for modifying fixed-bed models were provided. The physical meanings, assumptions, and interconversion relationships of the models were discussed in detail, along with the information criterion used to evaluate their validity. In addition to commonly used activation energy and Gibbs energy analysis, the methods for calculating site energy distribution were also summarized.
摘要：
多年来,吸附作为将污染物从液相中分离出来的最经济有效的方法之一，已经引起了相当大的关注。对吸附机理的全面了解需要几个关键步骤，包括吸附剂表征，批量和柱吸附试验，预定义的动力学和等温线模型的拟合，细致的热力学分析。这些结合的努力有助于提供对吸附现象的复杂作用的清晰和见解。然而,每年在该领域发表的大量文献充斥着不明智的模型选择和错误的参数分析。因此,本文的目的是为正确使用这些众多的动能，等温线,和固定床模型在各种应用。已经进行了彻底的审查，包含超过45个动力学模型，70个等温线模型，和现有的45种固定床型号，它们的分类是根据它们各自的吸附机理确定的。此外，提供了修改固定床模型的五种通用方法。物理意义，假设,并详细讨论了模型的相互转换关系，以及用于评估其有效性的信息标准。除了常用的活化能和吉布斯能分析，总结了场地能量分布的计算方法。
