PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Children with sex chromosome trisomy (SCT) have an increased risk for suboptimal development. Difficulties with language are frequently reported, start from a very young age, and encompass various domains. This cross-sectional study examined social orientation with eye tracking and physiological arousal responses to gain more knowledge on how children perceive and respond to communicative bids and evaluated the associations between social orientation and language outcomes, concurrently and 1 year later.
METHODS: In total, 107 children with SCT (33 XXX, 50 XXY, and 24 XYY) and 102 controls (58 girls and 44 boys) aged between 1 and 7 years were included. Assessments took place in the USA and Western Europe. A communicative bids eye tracking paradigm, physiological arousal measures, and receptive and expressive language outcomes were used.
RESULTS: Compared to controls, children with SCT showed reduced attention to the face and eyes of the on-screen interaction partner and reduced physiological arousal sensitivity in response to direct versus averted gaze. In addition, social orientation to the mouth was related to concurrent receptive and expressive language abilities in 1-year-old children with SCT.
CONCLUSIONS: Children with SCT may experience difficulties with social communication that extend past the well-recognized risk for early language delays. These difficulties may underlie social-behavioral problems that have been described in the SCT population and are an important target for early monitoring and support.
METHODS: In total, 107 children with SCT (33 XXX, 50 XXY, and 24 XYY) and 102 controls (58 girls and 44 boys) aged between 1 and 7 years were included. Assessments took place in the USA and Western Europe. A communicative bids eye tracking paradigm, physiological arousal measures, and receptive and expressive language outcomes were used.
RESULTS: Compared to controls, children with SCT showed reduced attention to the face and eyes of the on-screen interaction partner and reduced physiological arousal sensitivity in response to direct versus averted gaze. In addition, social orientation to the mouth was related to concurrent receptive and expressive language abilities in 1-year-old children with SCT.
CONCLUSIONS: Children with SCT may experience difficulties with social communication that extend past the well-recognized risk for early language delays. These difficulties may underlie social-behavioral problems that have been described in the SCT population and are an important target for early monitoring and support.
摘要：
目的：性染色体三体性（SCT）儿童发育次优的风险增加。经常报告语言困难，从很小的时候开始，并涵盖各种领域。这项横断面研究通过眼动追踪和生理唤醒反应检查了社会取向，以获得更多有关儿童如何感知和应对交际出价的知识，并评估了社会取向与语言结果之间的关联。同时和一年后。
方法：总共，107名SCT儿童(33XXX,50XXY,包括24个XYY）和102个年龄在1至7岁之间的对照（58个女孩和44个男孩）。评估在美国和西欧进行。交流出价眼动追踪范式，生理唤醒措施，并使用了接受性和表达性语言结果。
结果：与对照组相比，SCT患儿对屏幕上互动伴侣的面部和眼睛的注意力降低,对直接和避免凝视的生理唤醒敏感性降低.此外,1岁SCT儿童的口腔社交倾向与同时接受和表达语言能力有关。
结论：患有SCT的儿童可能会遇到社交交流方面的困难，这种困难超过了公认的早期语言延迟的风险。这些困难可能是SCT人群中描述的社会行为问题的基础，并且是早期监测和支持的重要目标。
方法：总共，107名SCT儿童(33XXX,50XXY,包括24个XYY）和102个年龄在1至7岁之间的对照（58个女孩和44个男孩）。评估在美国和西欧进行。交流出价眼动追踪范式，生理唤醒措施，并使用了接受性和表达性语言结果。
结果：与对照组相比，SCT患儿对屏幕上互动伴侣的面部和眼睛的注意力降低,对直接和避免凝视的生理唤醒敏感性降低.此外,1岁SCT儿童的口腔社交倾向与同时接受和表达语言能力有关。
结论：患有SCT的儿童可能会遇到社交交流方面的困难，这种困难超过了公认的早期语言延迟的风险。这些困难可能是SCT人群中描述的社会行为问题的基础，并且是早期监测和支持的重要目标。
