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Abstract：
Cyatholaimidae is a common and diverse family of mainly marine nematodes, potentially, with a large number of species to be discovered. The taxonomy of the group is marked by a lack of information about the evolutionary history of the characters and of detailed descriptions of morphological structures that may be taxonomically relevant. Two new species of the family are described from a sublittoral region in Southeastern Brazil, emphasizing the importance of the distribution and morphology of pore complex and pore-like structures present on the cuticle. The taxonomic importance of the cuticle ornamentation and spicule shape for the Biarmifer species, as well as the precloacal supplements structures of Pomponema species, are discussed. Biarmifer nesiotes sp. nov. differs from other species of the genus by the presence of eight longitudinal rows of pore complex on the cuticle and by the shape of the copulatory structure. Pomponema longispiculum sp. nov. differs from the most similar species, P. stomachor Wieser, 1954, by the smaller number of turns of the amphidial fovea, the shorter tail and the beginning of the cuticle lateral differentiation (3/4 of the pharynx length vs. end of the pharynx, respectively). We also obtained the SSU rDNA sequence from Pomponema longispiculum sp. nov., which is closely related to Pomponema sp. (MN250093) by about 91%. Updated tabular keys to species identification of each genus (Biarmifer and Pomponema) are included, containing morphometric data, characters related to cuticle ornamentation, and copulatory structures.
摘要：
Cyatholaimidae是主要海洋线虫的常见且多样化的家族，潜在的,有大量的物种被发现。该组的分类法缺乏有关字符进化史的信息以及可能与分类学相关的形态结构的详细描述。在巴西东南部的沿海地区描述了该家族的两个新物种，强调角质层上存在的孔复合物和孔样结构的分布和形态的重要性。角质层装饰和针状形状对Biarmifer物种的分类学重要性，以及Pomponema物种的precloacal补充剂结构，正在讨论。Biarmifernesiotessp.11月。与该属的其他物种的不同之处在于，在角质层上存在八排纵向孔复合物，并且交配结构的形状也不同。Pomponemalongispulumsp.11月。与最相似的物种不同，P.stomachorWieser,1954年，由于两栖中央凹的转动次数较少，较短的尾巴和角质层外侧分化的开始（咽部长度的3/4与咽部的末端,分别)。我们还从Pomponemalongispulumsp。获得了SSUrDNA序列。11月。,与Pomponemasp密切相关。（MN250093）约91%。包括每个属（Biarmifer和Pomponema）的物种鉴定的更新表格键，包含形态测量数据，与角质层装饰相关的字符，和交配结构。
