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Abstract：
St. Gallicanus Hospital in Rome, Italy, created by the will of Pope Benedict XIII (1649-1730) in 1725, was the first dermatologic hospital in the world. The strong bond between science and faith, humanitarian spirit and scientific research, and the profoundness and legacy of its entire history have all contributed to its legacy. We have traced its development by examining archival documents to understand the life of the institute and the diseases that were diagnosed and treated from the 18th century to the first half of the 20th century. Some of the main diseases were leprosy, mange, scabies, ringworm, and syphilis, which were widespread in Rome during the 18th and 19th centuries and were creating a mortal threat for much of the population. St. Gallicanus Hospital was dedicated to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of these diseases where possible. Special attention has been directed to syphilis and the use of penicillin therapy after its introduction in 1943, especially for curbing the extensive problems created by prostitution.
摘要：
罗马圣加利卡努斯医院，意大利,由教皇本笃十三世（1649-1730）于1725年创建，是世界上第一家皮肤病医院。科学与信仰之间的紧密联系，人道主义精神和科学研究，其整个历史的深刻和遗产都为其遗产做出了贡献。我们通过检查档案文件来追踪其发展，以了解该研究所的生活以及从18世纪到20世纪上半叶诊断和治疗的疾病。一些主要疾病是麻风病，Mange,疮,癣,还有梅毒,在18世纪和19世纪在罗马很普遍，对大部分人口造成了致命的威胁。圣加利卡努斯医院致力于诊断，治疗,并在可能的情况下预防这些疾病。在1943年引入梅毒和青霉素疗法后，人们特别注意梅毒和青霉素疗法的使用，特别是为了遏制卖淫造成的广泛问题。
