■尽管中国人口占世界人口的五分之一,老年人比例较高,骨质疏松症和骨折的患病率较高,有限的研究调查了中国老年人膳食模式与骨密度(BMD)和骨折风险之间的关系.我们的目的是调查不同饮食模式与BMD以及骨折风险之间的关联。老年男女之间的这种联系可能有所不同。
■基于中国骨质疏松症患病率研究,我们纳入了17,489名年龄≥40岁的受试者,他们在中国11个省市的44个县/区随机抽样,完成了食物频率问卷.通过双X射线吸收法测量BMD。使用Genant的半定量技术,根据脊柱侧位X线片定义了椎体骨折。
■富含“食肉”的饮食,\"素食主义者\",“奶制品,水果,卵与全髋关节(TH)较高的BMD显着相关,股骨颈(FN),和腰椎1-4(L1-4)。然而,富含“饮料和油炸食品”的饮食与FN和L1-4的较低BMD相关。食肉饮食的高四分位数与过去5年临床骨折和椎体骨折的风险降低34%-39%相关。在妇女中观察到更强的关联。绝经后妇女的敏感性分析在食肉和素食饮食与高BMD之间表现出更强的正相关。以及食肉饮食和降低骨折风险之间。
■我们的研究表明,富含肉类的饮食,蔬菜,和乳制品,水果,卵可能与更高的骨密度和更低的骨折风险有关,而饮料和油炸食品可能与L1-4的BMD较低有关,尤其是在老年女性中。这些发现有助于为骨质疏松和骨折高危老年人提供饮食营养方面的建议。尤其是绝经后的妇女。
UNASSIGNED: Despite the fact that
China amounts to one-fifth of the world\'s population, has a higher proportion of the elderly, and has a higher prevalence of
osteoporosis and fracture, limited studies have investigated the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) as well as fracture risk among the elderly Chinese population. We aimed to investigate the association between different dietary patterns and BMD as well as the risk of fractures, and this association may vary between elderly women and men.
UNASSIGNED: Building upon the
China Osteoporosis Prevalence Study, we included 17,489 subjects aged ≥40 years old randomly sampled across 44 counties/districts of 11 provinces or municipalities in
China who completed a food frequency questionnaire. BMD was measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry. Vertebral fracture was defined based on lateral spine radiographs using the semi-quantitative technique of Genant.
UNASSIGNED: A diet rich in \"carnivorous\", \"vegetarian\", \"dairy, fruit, and egg\" was significantly associated with higher BMD at total hip (TH), femoral neck (FN), and lumbar spine 1-4 (L1-4). Yet, a diet rich in \"beverage and fried food\" was associated with a lower BMD at the FN and L1-4. High quartiles of the carnivorous diet were associated with 34%-39% reduced risk of clinical fracture in the past 5 years and vertebral fracture. Stronger associations were observed among women. Sensitivity analysis among postmenopausal women presented even stronger positive associations between carnivorous and vegetarian diets and high BMD, as well as between carnivorous diet and reduced risk of fractures.
UNASSIGNED: Our study suggested that a diet rich in meat, vegetables, and dairy, fruit, and eggs might be associated with greater BMD and a lower fracture risk, while beverage and fried foods may be associated with a lower BMD at L1-4, especially among elderly women. These findings are relevant to provide recommendations on dietary nutrition regarding the elderly population at high risk of
osteoporosis and fractures, especially postmenopausal women.