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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: We conducted analyses of the association between smoking and osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures using a secondary dataset analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database and the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method.
METHODS: The associations between smoking and osteoporosis or osteoporotic fractures were analyzed using weighted logistic regression models for both univariate and multivariable analyses using pooled 1999-2018 NHANES data. The summary-level data of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of smoking and osteoporosis were extracted from the IEU Open GWAS project. The inverse variance weighted method was used as the main method for the two-sample MR analysis.
RESULTS: We obtained the following main findings based on the NHANES data: smoking was associated with osteoporosis according to the analyses of 30856 participants (OR=1.21; 95% CI: 1.06-1.39, p=0.004); smoking was associated with hip osteoporotic fracture according to the analyses of 30928 participants (OR=1.47; 95% CI: 1.14-1.90, p=0.004); smoking was associated with wrist osteoporotic fracture according to the analyses of 30923 participants (OR=1.33; 95% CI: 1.18-1.49, p<0.001); and smoking was associated with spine osteoporotic fracture according to the analyses of 30910 participants (OR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.18-1.73, p<0.001). In addition, we confirmed the potential causal effect of smoking on the risk of osteoporotic fracture (OR=24.5; 95% CI: 1.11-539, p=0.043) by conducting two-sample MR analyses.
CONCLUSIONS: Smoking was associated with increased risks of both osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. Smoking showed a potential causal effect on the risk of osteoporotic fracture.
METHODS: The associations between smoking and osteoporosis or osteoporotic fractures were analyzed using weighted logistic regression models for both univariate and multivariable analyses using pooled 1999-2018 NHANES data. The summary-level data of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of smoking and osteoporosis were extracted from the IEU Open GWAS project. The inverse variance weighted method was used as the main method for the two-sample MR analysis.
RESULTS: We obtained the following main findings based on the NHANES data: smoking was associated with osteoporosis according to the analyses of 30856 participants (OR=1.21; 95% CI: 1.06-1.39, p=0.004); smoking was associated with hip osteoporotic fracture according to the analyses of 30928 participants (OR=1.47; 95% CI: 1.14-1.90, p=0.004); smoking was associated with wrist osteoporotic fracture according to the analyses of 30923 participants (OR=1.33; 95% CI: 1.18-1.49, p<0.001); and smoking was associated with spine osteoporotic fracture according to the analyses of 30910 participants (OR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.18-1.73, p<0.001). In addition, we confirmed the potential causal effect of smoking on the risk of osteoporotic fracture (OR=24.5; 95% CI: 1.11-539, p=0.043) by conducting two-sample MR analyses.
CONCLUSIONS: Smoking was associated with increased risks of both osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. Smoking showed a potential causal effect on the risk of osteoporotic fracture.
摘要：
背景：我们使用国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）数据库的二次数据集分析和双样本孟德尔随机化（MR）方法，对吸烟与骨质疏松症和骨质疏松性骨折之间的关系进行了分析。
方法：使用1999-2018年NHANES数据汇总的单变量和多变量分析，使用加权逻辑回归模型分析吸烟与骨质疏松症或骨质疏松性骨折之间的关系。从IEUOpenGWAS项目中提取了吸烟和骨质疏松症的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）的摘要级数据。采用逆方差加权法作为双样本MR分析的主要方法。
结果：根据NHANES数据，我们获得了以下主要发现：根据30856名参与者的分析，吸烟与骨质疏松症相关（OR=1.21；95％CI：1.06-1.39，p=0.004）；根据30928名参与者的分析，吸烟与髋部骨质疏松性骨折相关（OR=1.47；95％CI：1.14-1.90，根据1.18，p=此外,我们通过两样本MR分析证实了吸烟对骨质疏松性骨折风险的潜在因果效应(OR=24.5;95%CI:1.11-539,p=0.043).
结论：吸烟与骨质疏松和骨质疏松性骨折的风险增加相关。吸烟对骨质疏松性骨折的风险具有潜在的因果关系。
方法：使用1999-2018年NHANES数据汇总的单变量和多变量分析，使用加权逻辑回归模型分析吸烟与骨质疏松症或骨质疏松性骨折之间的关系。从IEUOpenGWAS项目中提取了吸烟和骨质疏松症的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）的摘要级数据。采用逆方差加权法作为双样本MR分析的主要方法。
结果：根据NHANES数据，我们获得了以下主要发现：根据30856名参与者的分析，吸烟与骨质疏松症相关（OR=1.21；95％CI：1.06-1.39，p=0.004）；根据30928名参与者的分析，吸烟与髋部骨质疏松性骨折相关（OR=1.47；95％CI：1.14-1.90，根据1.18，p=此外,我们通过两样本MR分析证实了吸烟对骨质疏松性骨折风险的潜在因果效应(OR=24.5;95%CI:1.11-539,p=0.043).
结论：吸烟与骨质疏松和骨质疏松性骨折的风险增加相关。吸烟对骨质疏松性骨折的风险具有潜在的因果关系。
