一名17岁的韩国女性患者(XP115KO)先前通过直接Sanger测序被诊断为色素性干皮病C组(XPC),这揭示了XPC基因中的纯合无义突变(rs121965088:c.1735C>T,p.Arg579Ter)。虽然rs121965088与不良预后相关,我们的患者表现为较温和的表型。因此,我们对患者及其家庭成员进行了全外显子组测序,以检测可能通过遗传相互作用导致rs121965088较温和表型的共存突变.材料和方法:从患者及其家庭成员(父亲,母亲,和兄弟)被执行。为了确定XPC的潜在遗传原因,使用Agilent的SureSelectXT人类全外显子v5分析提取的DNA。使用SNPinfo网络服务器预测所得变体的功能效果,和使用3D蛋白质建模程序SWISS-MODEL的XPC蛋白质的结构变化。结果:八个双等位基因变异体,病人是纯合的,她父母是杂合的,被检测到。在XPC基因中发现了四个:一个无义变体(rs121965088:c.1735C>T,p.Arg579Ter)和三个无声变体(rs2227998:c.2061G>A,p.Arg687Arg;rs2279017:c.2251-6A>C,内含子;rs2607775:c.-27G>C,5UTR)。剩下的四种变异是在非XP基因中发现的,包括一个移码变体[嗅觉受体家族2亚家族T成员35(OR2T35)的rs72452004],ALF转录延伸因子3(AFF3)的三个错义变体[rs202089462,TCRγ交替阅读框蛋白(TARP)的rs138027161,和附件A7(ANXA7)的rs3750575]。结论:发现了与rs121965088遗传相互作用的潜在候选者。XPC的rs2279017和rs2607775涉及内含子区的突变,影响RNA剪接和蛋白质翻译。AFF3,TARP的遗传变异,ANXA7都是移码或错义突变,不可避免地干扰所得蛋白质的翻译和功能。对它们在DNA修复途径中的功能的进一步研究可能揭示了色素性干皮病中未发现的细胞关系。
A 17-year-old female Korean patient (XP115KO) was previously diagnosed with Xeroderma pigmentosum group C (XPC) by Direct Sanger sequencing, which revealed a homozygous nonsense mutation in the XPC gene (rs121965088: c.1735C > T, p.Arg579Ter). While rs121965088 is associated with a poor prognosis, our patient presented with a milder phenotype. Hence, we conducted whole-exome sequencing in the patient and her family members to detect coexisting mutations that may have resulted in a milder phenotype of rs121965088 through genetic interaction. Materials and Methods: the whole-exome sequencing analysis of samples obtained from the patient and her family members (father, mother, and brother) was performed. To identify the underlying genetic cause of XPC, the extracted DNA was analyzed using Agilent\'s SureSelect XT Human All Exon v5. The functional effects of the resultant variants were predicted using the SNPinfo web server, and structural changes in the XPC protein using the 3D protein modeling program SWISS-MODEL. Results: Eight biallelic variants, homozygous in the patient and heterozygous in her parents, were detected. Four were found in the XPC gene: one nonsense variant (rs121965088: c.1735C > T, p.Arg579Ter) and three silent variants (rs2227998: c.2061G > A, p. Arg687Arg; rs2279017: c.2251-6A > C, intron; rs2607775: c.-27G > C, 5\'UTR). The remaining four variants were found in non-XP genes, including one frameshift variant [rs72452004 of olfactory receptor family 2 subfamily T member 35 (OR2T35)], three missense variants [rs202089462 of ALF transcription elongation factor 3 (AFF3), rs138027161 of TCR gamma alternate reading frame protein (TARP), and rs3750575 of annexin A7 (ANXA7)]. Conclusions: potential candidates for genetic interactions with rs121965088 were found. The rs2279017 and rs2607775 of XPC involved mutations in the intron region, which affected RNA splicing and protein translation. The genetic variants of AFF3, TARP, and ANXA7 are all frameshift or missense mutations, inevitably disturbing the translation and function of the resultant proteins. Further research on their functions in DNA repair pathways may reveal undiscovered cellular relationships within xeroderma pigmentosum.