目的:我们的研究目的是绘制腺样体扁桃体淋巴组织微生物组,以确定其在患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)的慢性扁桃体炎或扁桃体肥大儿童中的潜在病因作用。
方法:在我们的研究中,我们检查了健康儿童和慢性扁桃体炎或扁桃体肥大伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)儿童的扁桃体拭子.进行了微生物组分析,并根据宏基因组原理对细菌16SrRNA基因进行了测序。根据生物多样性概念描述了变异性,表明在一定环境中发现的物种及其适应不同环境条件的变化。
结果:与健康儿童和患有扁桃体增生的OSAS儿童的α多样性相比,最显着的差异涉及慢性扁桃体炎儿童中某些门的单个样本中的微生物变化(α多样性)。变形杆菌普遍存在于慢性扁桃体炎组,OSAS和Firmicutes中的梭杆菌和螺旋体,放线菌,在健康儿童中发现了拟杆菌。最后,两组之间的比较显示,患有扁桃体肥大的OSAS儿童的镰刀杆菌属的存在较高。
结论:反复发生的上呼吸道炎症和/或感染过程是多微生物的;此类过程的慢性性似乎与微生物组组成的变化和各种分类单位之间的相互作用有关。了解微生物组成和传统的临床生物标志物还可以确定口咽微生物组和系统病理之间的关系,以确定生活方式的预防性变化。饮食习惯,环境暴露和益生菌的使用。
OBJECTIVE: Aim of our study was to map the adenotonsillar lymphoid tissues\' microbiome identifying its potential etiopathogenetic role in children affected by chronic tonsillitis or tonsillar hypertrophy with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS).
METHODS: In our study, we examined tonsillar swabs from healthy children and children affected by chronic tonsillitis or by tonsillar hypertrophy with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). Microbiome\'s analysis was performed and bacterial 16Sr RNA gene was sequenced according to metagenomic principles. Variability was described according to the biodiversity concept, indicating species found in a certain environment and changes they undergo adapting to different environmental conditions.
RESULTS: The most significant differences concern variation of microbes in a single sample (alpha diversity) of some phyla in children affected by chronic tonsillitis compared with alpha diversity in healthy children and in children affected by OSAS with tonsillar hyperplasia. Proteobacteria are prevalent in chronic tonsillitis group, Fusobacteria and Spirochete in OSAS and Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were found in healthy children. Finally, comparison between the groups showed that children with OSAS with tonsillar hypertrophy had a higher presence of the Fusobacterium genus.
CONCLUSIONS: Recurrent upper airway inflammatory and/or infectious processes are polymicrobial; chronicity of such processes appear to be related to variations in microbiome\'s composition and interaction among various taxonomic units. Knowledge of the microbiomes\' composition together with traditional clinical biomarkers can also determine relationships between oropharyngeal microbiome and systemic pathologies to determine preventive changes in lifestyle, eating habits, environmental exposure and use of probiotics.