Abstract：
The aim of this prospective pilot study was to compare culture and microbiome results of the removed tonsils of patients with assumed distant focal disease (11 patients) and those who underwent a tonsillectomy, due to other reasons, such as recurrent tonsillitis, tonsil stones or snoring (nine patients). Aerobic culture was carried out for samples taken from the surface of the tonsils by swabs before tonsillectomy for all 20 patients. The squeezed detritus and the tissue samples of removed tonsils, taken separately for the right and left tonsils, were incubated aerobically and anaerobically. The microbiome composition of tissue samples of removed tonsils was also evaluated. Based on the culture results of the deep samples Staphylococcus aureus was the dominating pathogen, besides a great variety of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria present in the oral microbiota in those patients who underwent tonsillectomy due to distant focal diseases. Microbiome study of the core tissue samples showed a great diversity on genus and species level among patients of the two groups however, S. aureus and Prevotella nigrescens were present in higher proportion in those, whose tonsils were removed due to distant focal diseases. Our results may support previous findings about the possible triggering role of S. aureus and P. nigrescens leading to distant focal diseases. Samples taken by squeezing the tonsils could give more information about the possible pathogenic/triggering bacteria than the surface samples cultured only aerobically.
摘要：
这项前瞻性试点研究的目的是比较假定为远处局灶性疾病的患者（11例）和接受扁桃体切除术的患者的扁桃体切除的培养物和微生物组结果。由于其他原因,比如复发性扁桃体炎，扁桃体结石或打鼾（9名患者）。在扁桃体切除术前，对所有20例患者的扁桃体表面用拭子进行了有氧培养。挤压的碎屑和摘除扁桃体的组织样本，分别为左右扁桃体，需氧和厌氧孵育。还评估了去除的扁桃体的组织样品的微生物组组成。根据深层样品的培养结果，金黄色葡萄球菌是主要的病原体，除了大量的厌氧性和兼性厌氧性细菌存在于口腔微生物群中的那些由于远处局灶性疾病而接受扁桃体切除术的患者。核心组织样本的微生物组研究显示，两组患者的属和种水平存在很大差异，金黄色葡萄球菌和黑质Prevotella在其中的比例较高，由于远处的局灶性疾病而切除了扁桃体。我们的结果可能支持先前关于金黄色葡萄球菌和Nigorescens导致远处局灶性疾病的可能触发作用的发现。与仅需氧培养的表面样品相比，通过挤压扁桃体采集的样品可以提供有关可能的致病/触发细菌的更多信息。
