目的:对穿制服服务(EoUS)的员工进行心血管危险因素筛查。
方法:共有1138名EoUS(年龄M±SD49.9±6.0岁)和263名对照(年龄M±SD54.4±9.7岁)在格但斯克心脏病学诊所的护理下,波兰,包括在研究中。收集病史和血液样本,并进行了体格检查。使用高风险国家的系统冠状动脉风险评估(SCORE)风险算法计算十年心血管死亡风险。
结果:平均收缩压和平均舒张压明显升高,与对照组相比,在EoUS中记录了平均总胆固醇水平和平均BMI(M±SD141.7±11.6mmHgvs.135.5±11.0mmHg,p<0.001;90.1±5.9mmHgvs.84.5±6.8mmHg,p<0.001;6.01±0.76mmolvs.5.44±0.87mmol,p<0.001;29.3±4.7vs.分别为29.0±4.1,p<0.001)。最年轻的人群(20-39岁)最常吸烟-47.7%,整个EoUS组的吸烟率明显高于对照组(35.5%vs.16.7%,p=0.001)。观察到的危险因素的发生(血压≥140/90mmHg,总胆固醇浓度>5mmol,吸烟,)在EoUS中明显高于对照组(92.1%vs.57.8%,p<0.001;89.0%vs.66.9%,p<0.001;35.5%vs.16.7%,p分别<0.001)。在男性群体中,平均计算的十年致命心血管事件的风险,计算出的高风险的百分比,与对照组相比,EoUS组的风险更高(M±SD4.44±3.49vs.4.23±3.86,p=0.001;23.7%vs.20.2%,p=0.007;7.4%vs.6.5%,分别为p=0.03)。
结论:发现,与对照组相比,穿制服服务的员工中所有确定的危险因素的患病率更高。这些危险因素在穿制服的服务雇员人群中的存在导致心血管疾病死亡的更大风险。IntJOccupMedEnvironHealth。2023年;36(5)。
OBJECTIVE: Employees of uniformed services (EoUS) were screened for cardiovascular risk factors.
METHODS: A total of 1138 EoUS (age M±SD 49.9±6.0 years) and 263 controls (age M±SD 54.4±9.7 years) under the care of the cardiology clinic in Gdańsk, Poland, were included in the study. Medical history and blood samples were collected, and a physical examination was performed. Ten-year cardiovascular risk of death was calculated using the systematic coronary risk evaluation (SCORE) risk algorithm for high-risk countries.
RESULTS: Significantly higher values of mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, mean total cholesterol level and mean BMI were recorded among the EoUS compared to controls (M±SD 141.7±11.6 mm Hg vs. 135.5±11.0 mm Hg, p < 0.001; 90.1±5.9 mm Hg vs. 84.5±6.8 mm Hg, p < 0.001; 6.01±0.76 mmol vs. 5.44±0.87 mmol, p < 0.001; 29.3±4.7 vs. 29.0±4.1, p < 0.001, respectively). Smoking cigarettes was most frequently reported by the youngest group (20-39 years old) - 47.7% and it was significantly higher in the entire EoUS group compared to control group (35.5% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.001). The occurrence of observed risk factors (blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg, total cholesterol concentration >5 mmol, smoking,) was significantly higher among EoUS compared to controls (92.1% vs. 57.8%, p < 0.001; 89.0% vs. 66.9%, p < 0.001; 35.5% vs. 16.7%, p < 0.001, respectively). In the male group, the mean calculated ten-year risk of fatal cardiovascular events, the percentage of high calculated risk, and very high risk were higher in the EoUS group compared to controls (M±SD 4.44±3.49 vs. 4.23±3.86, p = 0.001; 23.7% vs. 20.2%, p = 0.007; 7.4% vs. 6.5%, p = 0.03, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of all identified risk factors was found to be higher among employees of uniformed services when compared to the control group. The presence of these risk factors within the population of uniformed service employees results in a greater risk of mortality from cardiovascular diseases. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(5):656-71.