PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Adapting to stress over time is a process involving various cognitive and emotional assessments; it also depends on the objective situation related to working conditions, as well as on individual factors. The aim of this paper is to outline the dynamic nature of stress experienced by workers employed on oil rigs over a period of 20 years. The presented research is part of a larger project and concerns subjective stress.
METHODS: Longitudinal studies included the analysis of data regarding the period of 1993-2014. They concerned 167 Polish oil rig workers, all men; the average age at the beginning of the study was 29 years. Each employee was surveyed at least 4 times over a period of 20 years at intervals of 4-6 years in the workplace. The subjective level of stress at work (based on the Subjective Job Evaluation Questionnaire) and the level of declared stress (based on the Stress Survey) were examined.
RESULTS: Oil rig workers show different adaptations to stress over a long term, depending on their subjective perception of stress. Baseline stress levels can vary from person to person over the years. The first group was characterized by high initial stress, but the stress decreased systematically over 20 years (\"stress resisting\"). Employees from the second group were characterized by low initial stress, but declared a systematic increase in stress in the same period (\"stress sensitizing\"). Finally, employees from the third group adapted to stress in a flexible way, with subjective stress being most strongly associated with objective stress (\"flexible group\").
CONCLUSIONS: The presented prospective study showed differences between the subjective levels of stress depending on the distinguished groups over 20 years, i.e., between-group and intra-group variability. The method of prospective research shows that the perception of stress at work is a dynamic process and it changes over time. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(4):477-92.
METHODS: Longitudinal studies included the analysis of data regarding the period of 1993-2014. They concerned 167 Polish oil rig workers, all men; the average age at the beginning of the study was 29 years. Each employee was surveyed at least 4 times over a period of 20 years at intervals of 4-6 years in the workplace. The subjective level of stress at work (based on the Subjective Job Evaluation Questionnaire) and the level of declared stress (based on the Stress Survey) were examined.
RESULTS: Oil rig workers show different adaptations to stress over a long term, depending on their subjective perception of stress. Baseline stress levels can vary from person to person over the years. The first group was characterized by high initial stress, but the stress decreased systematically over 20 years (\"stress resisting\"). Employees from the second group were characterized by low initial stress, but declared a systematic increase in stress in the same period (\"stress sensitizing\"). Finally, employees from the third group adapted to stress in a flexible way, with subjective stress being most strongly associated with objective stress (\"flexible group\").
CONCLUSIONS: The presented prospective study showed differences between the subjective levels of stress depending on the distinguished groups over 20 years, i.e., between-group and intra-group variability. The method of prospective research shows that the perception of stress at work is a dynamic process and it changes over time. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(4):477-92.
摘要：
目标：随着时间的推移适应压力是一个涉及各种认知和情感评估的过程；它还取决于与工作条件有关的客观情况，以及个人因素。本文的目的是概述在20年的时间里，石油钻井平台上雇用的工人所经历的压力的动态性质。所提出的研究是一个更大的项目的一部分，涉及主观压力。
方法：纵向研究包括对1993-2014年期间数据的分析。他们涉及167名波兰石油钻井平台工人，所有男性；研究开始时的平均年龄为29岁。在工作场所，每个员工在20年的时间内接受了至少4次调查，间隔为4-6年。检查了工作中的主观压力水平（基于主观工作评估问卷）和宣布的压力水平（基于压力调查）。
结果：石油钻井工人对长期压力表现出不同的适应性，取决于他们对压力的主观感知。多年来，基线压力水平因人而异。第一组的特点是高初始应力，但压力在20年内系统地下降(“抗压力”)。第二组员工的特点是初始压力低，但在同一时期宣布了压力的系统性增加(“压力敏感化”)。最后,第三组的员工以灵活的方式适应压力，主观压力与客观压力最密切相关(“灵活组”)。
结论：所提出的前瞻性研究表明，在20年以上，不同群体的主观压力水平存在差异，即，组间和组内变异性。前瞻性研究的方法表明，工作中对压力的感知是一个动态的过程，并且随着时间的推移而变化。IntJOccupMedEnvironHealth。2023年；36（4）。
方法：纵向研究包括对1993-2014年期间数据的分析。他们涉及167名波兰石油钻井平台工人，所有男性；研究开始时的平均年龄为29岁。在工作场所，每个员工在20年的时间内接受了至少4次调查，间隔为4-6年。检查了工作中的主观压力水平（基于主观工作评估问卷）和宣布的压力水平（基于压力调查）。
结果：石油钻井工人对长期压力表现出不同的适应性，取决于他们对压力的主观感知。多年来，基线压力水平因人而异。第一组的特点是高初始应力，但压力在20年内系统地下降(“抗压力”)。第二组员工的特点是初始压力低，但在同一时期宣布了压力的系统性增加(“压力敏感化”)。最后,第三组的员工以灵活的方式适应压力，主观压力与客观压力最密切相关(“灵活组”)。
结论：所提出的前瞻性研究表明，在20年以上，不同群体的主观压力水平存在差异，即，组间和组内变异性。前瞻性研究的方法表明，工作中对压力的感知是一个动态的过程，并且随着时间的推移而变化。IntJOccupMedEnvironHealth。2023年；36（4）。
