背景:沙棘(HippophaerhamnoidesL.)是一种在中国历史悠久的可食用水果,是一种药用植物。鼠李糖果实富含多种营养成分和药理活性化合物。作为沙棘中最重要的活性成分之一,多糖由于其抗氧化剂而引起了研究人员的注意,抗疲劳,和肝脏保护特性。
目的:这篇综述总结了近年来关于提取,净化,沙棘多糖的结构表征和药理活性。此外,讨论了沙棘多糖(SBPS)的结构与活性之间的关系。该综述将为今后沙棘多糖在医药和功能食品领域的深入开发和应用提供重要的研究基础和最新信息。
方法:通过输入搜索词“沙棘多糖”,相关研究信息来自WebofScience等数据库,谷歌学者,PubMed,中国知网(CNKI),中国硕士学位论文全文数据库,和中国博士学位论文全文数据库。
结果:SBPS的主要提取方法包括热水提取(HWE),超声波辅助提取(UAE),微波辅助提取(MAE),闪蒸(FE),和乙醇提取。从沙棘果实中分离出20多种多糖。不同提取方法得到的沙棘多糖的化学结构,隔离,纯化方法多种多样。沙棘多糖具有多种药理特性,包括抗氧化剂,抗疲劳,肝脏保护,抗肥胖,调节肠道菌群,免疫调节,抗肿瘤,抗炎,和低血糖活动。
结论:沙棘具有悠久的药用历史和民族药食特色。多糖是沙棘的主要活性成分之一,他们越来越受到研究人员的关注。沙棘多糖具有显著的药理活性,健康益处,和广阔的应用前景。此外,进一步探索SBPS的化学结构,深入研究其药理活性,识别他们的物质基础,抗病机制的表征,潜在的健康功能仍是未来研究的方向。随着对提取纯化工艺研究的积累,化学结构,药理作用,分子机制,和结构-活动关系,来自自然资源的沙棘多糖最终将为人类健康做出重大贡献。
BACKGROUND: Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is an edible fruit with a long history in China as a medicinal plant. The fruits of H. rhamnoides are rich in a variety of nutrients and pharmacological active compounds. As one of the most important active ingredients in sea buckthorn, polysaccharides have attracted the attention of researchers due to their antioxidant, anti-fatigue, and liver protective qualities.
OBJECTIVE: This review summarizes recent studies on extraction, purification, structural characterization and pharmacological activities of polysaccharides from sea buckthorn. In addition, the relationship between the structure and the activities of sea buckthorn polysaccharides (SBPS) were discussed. This review would provide important research bases and up-to-date information for the future in-depth development and application of sea buckthorn polysaccharides in the field of pharmaceuticals and functional foods.
METHODS: By inputting the search term \"Sea buckthorn polysaccharides\", relevant research information was obtained from databases such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, China Knowledge Network (CNKI), China Master Theses Full-text Database, and China Doctoral Dissertations Full-text Database.
RESULTS: The main extraction methods of SBPS include hot water extraction (HWE), ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), flash extraction (FE), and ethanol extraction. More than 20 polysaccharides have been isolated from sea buckthorn fruits. The chemical structures of sea buckthorn polysaccharides obtained by different extraction, isolation, and purification methods are diverse. Polysaccharides from sea buckthorn display a variety of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-fatigue, liver protection, anti-obesity, regulation of intestinal flora, immunoregulation, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and hypoglycemic activities.
CONCLUSIONS: Sea buckthorn has a long medicinal history and characteristics of an ethnic medicine and food. Polysaccharides are one of the main active components of sea buckthorn, and they have received increasing attention from researchers. Sea buckthorn polysaccharides have remarkable pharmacological activities, health benefits, and broad application prospects. In addition, further exploration of the chemical structure of SBPS, in-depth study of their pharmacological activities, identification of their material basis, characterization of disease resistance mechanisms, and potential health functions are still directions of future research. With the accumulation of research on the extraction and purification processes, chemical structure, pharmacological effects, molecular mechanisms, and structure-activity relationships, sea buckthorn polysaccharides derived from natural resources will ultimately make significant contributions to human health.