UNASSIGNED: People experiencing mental illness receive physical healthcare from nurses in a variety of settings including acute inpatient, secure extended care, forensic, and community services. While nurse-led clinical practice addressing sub-optimal consumer physical health is salient, a detailed understanding and description of the contribution by nurses to physical health interventions in people experiencing mental illness is not clearly articulated in the literature.
UNASSIGNED: The aim of this integrative review is to describe the state of knowledge on nurse-led physical health intervention for consumers, focusing on nursing roles, nursing assessment, and intervention settings.
UNASSIGNED: A systematic search of six databases using Medical Subject Headings from 2001 and 2022 inclusive was conducted. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was utilised for quality appraisal.
UNASSIGNED: Seventy-four studies were identified as \"nurse-led\". Interventions were most common among community settings (n = 34, 46%). Nurses performed varied roles, often concurrently, including the collection of 341 physical health outcomes, and multiple roles with 225 distinct nursing actions identified across the included studies. A nurse as lead author was common among the included studies (n = 46, 62%). However, nurses were not always recognised for their efforts or contributions in authorship.
UNASSIGNED: There is potential gap in role recognition that should be considered when designing and reporting nurse-led physical health interventions.

This study conducts an empirical retrospective examination of the effect of COVID-19 protocols on Health workers\' quality of life during the pandemic. Data from a survey respondent of 330 health workers were analyzed through structural equation modeling. Results indicated COVID-19 protocols specifically hand hygiene, personal protective equipments, and physical distancing had a significant effect on the quality of life of health workers during the COVID-19 era. However, the results did not follow the expected literature trend. Analysis indicated a direct significant positive relationship between hand hygiene and quality of life and also highlighted a negative relationship between physical distancing and protective equipments and quality of life. Detailed analysis in an attempt to explain this development highlighted the significant role physical and mental health play in the relationship between COVID-19 safety protocols and quality of life. The findings of the study suggest implications and suggestions for future research.

BACKGROUND: Disturbed sleep is frequently identified in adult patients with cancer and their caregivers, with detrimental impact on physical health. Less known is the extent to which self-reported and actigraph-measured sleep patterns are similar between patients and their sleep-partner caregivers, and how these different modes of sleep measurements are related to physical health.
METHODS: Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer and their sleep-partner caregivers (81 dyads) completed a questionnaire for physical functioning and collected saliva samples for seven consecutive days, from which cortisol slope was quantified. Additionally, participants completed a daily sleep diary and wore actigraph for 14 consecutive days, from which sleep duration, sleep onset latency (SOL), and duration of wake after sleep onset (WASO) were calculated.
RESULTS: Participants reported sleep patterns that fell within or close to the optimal range, which were similar between patients and their caregivers. Self-reported and actigraph-measured sleep duration had moderate levels of agreement (ICC = 0.604), whereas SOL and WASO had poor agreement (ICC = 0.269). Among patients, longer self-reported WASO was associated with poorer physical health and flatter cortisol slope (p ≤ 0.013). Among caregivers, longer self-reported SOL was associated with poorer physical functioning, actigraph-measured WASO was associated with steeper cortisol slope, and longer self-reported sleep markers studied than actigraph-measured were associated with poorer physical functioning (p ≤ 0.042).
CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that employing multiple assessment modes for sleep and physical health is vital for comprehensive understanding of sleep health. Furthermore, when addressing patients\' sleep health, it may be beneficial to include their sleep-partner caregivers who may experience similar disturbed sleep.

UNASSIGNED: Autistic people are disproportionately likely to experience premature mortality and most mental and physical health conditions. We measured the incidence of diagnosed conditions accounting for the most disability-adjusted life years in the UK population according to the Global Burden of Disease study (anxiety, depression, self-harm, harmful alcohol use, substance use, migraine, neck or back pain, and gynaecological conditions).
UNASSIGNED: Participants were aged 18 years or above and had an autism diagnosis recorded in the IQVIA Medical Research Database between 01/01/2000 and 16/01/2019. We included 15,675 autistic adults without intellectual disability, 6437 autistic adults with intellectual disability, and a comparison group matched (1:10) by age, sex, and primary care practice. We estimated crude incidences and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) adjusted for age and sex.
UNASSIGNED: Autistic adults without intellectual disability experienced a higher incidence (IRR, 95% CI) of self-harm (2.07, 1.79-2.40), anxiety (1.91, 1.76-2.06), depressive disorders (1.79, 1.67-1.92), and substance use (1.24, 1.02-1.51) relative to comparison participants. Incidences of harmful alcohol use (1.01, 0.85-1.18), migraine (0.99, 0.84-1.17), and gynaecological conditions (1.19, 0.95-1.49) did not differ. Neck or back pain incidence was lower (0.88, 0.82-0.95). Autistic adults with intellectual disability experienced a higher incidence of self-harm (2.08, 1.69-2.56). Incidences of anxiety (1.14, 1.00-1.30), gynaecological conditions (1.22, 0.93-1.62), and substance use (1.08, 0.80-1.47) did not differ, and lower incidences were found for depressive disorders (0.73, 0.64-0.83), harmful alcohol use (0.65, 0.50-0.84), migraine (0.55, 0.42-0.74), and neck or back pain (0.49, 0.44-0.55).
UNASSIGNED: Although our findings cannot be directly compared to previous prevalence studies, they contrast with the higher frequency of mental and physical health conditions in autistic adults reported in studies that directly assessed and/or surveyed autistic people about co-occurring conditions. The present findings may suggest under-diagnosis of common conditions in autistic people, particularly those with intellectual disability. Improved detection should be a clinical and policy priority to reduce health inequalities.
UNASSIGNED: Dunhill Medical Trust, Economic and Social Research Council, National Institute of Health and Care Research.

Loneliness is increasingly recognized as a significant health risk. This review provides an overview of current research on the impact of loneliness on mental and physical health. The findings indicate that loneliness is a significant risk factor of both mental and physical health. Previous reviews focusing on mental health effects reveal that loneliness is associated with the onset of depression, social anxiety, and cognitive decline. Furthermore, loneliness can impede recovery from mental disorders in general, which can be partly attributed to the bidirectional interplay between loneliness and mental health. Regarding physical health, consequences of loneliness have been mostly studied in relation to cardiovascular diseases. Loneliness predicts the onset of cardiovascular diseases and impedes recovery from them. Reviews also highlight that loneliness enhances the likelihood of suicidality and mortality. However, this article also points out the shortage of longitudinal studies, complicating the investigation into how loneliness causally affects future health problems. The health implications of loneliness outlined in this review, some of which are irreversible and can induce suffering and impairment, underscore the importance of interventions aimed at alleviating loneliness as a preventive strategy against both mental and physical illnesses.
UNASSIGNED: Einsamkeit wird zunehmend als bedeutendes Gesundheitsrisiko anerkannt. Diese Übersichtsarbeit fasst den aktuellen Stand der Forschung zusammen, indem sie die Auswirkungen von Einsamkeit auf die psychische und körperliche Gesundheit beleuchtet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Einsamkeit sowohl für die psychische als auch für die körperliche Gesundheit ein Risiko darstellt. Bisherige Übersichtsarbeiten zu den Auswirkungen auf die psychische Gesundheit zeigen, dass Einsamkeit insbesondere den Beginn einer Depression, einer sozialen Phobie und den Abbau kognitiver Funktionen vorhersagt. Außerdem kann Einsamkeit die Erholung von psychischen Störungen im Allgemeinen erschweren, was unter anderem auf den bidirektionalen Zusammenhang zwischen Einsamkeit und psychischer Gesundheit zurückgeführt werden kann. In Bezug auf körperliche Erkrankungen wurden bisher vor allem Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen als Folge von Einsamkeit untersucht. Einsamkeit sagt das Auftreten von Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen vorher und kann die Genesung von diesen erschweren. Übersichtsarbeiten zeigen zudem, dass Einsamkeit die Wahrscheinlichkeit für Suizidalität und Mortalität erhöht. Es wird jedoch auch auf den Mangel an Längsschnittstudien hingewiesen, der es erschwert, die kausale Wirkrichtung von Einsamkeit auf spätere Gesundheitseinschränkungen zu untersuchen. Die in dieser Übersichtsarbeit aufgezeigten gesundheitlichen Folgen von Einsamkeit, die teils irreversibel sind und Leiden sowie Beeinträchtigung verursachen können, unterstreichen die Bedeutung von Interventionen zur Reduzierung von Einsamkeit als präventive Maßnahme gegen sowohl psychische als auch körperliche Erkrankungen.

There is a strong, positive relationship between childhood literacy and physical and mental health outcomes in adulthood. Through primary care-based literacy interventions, pediatricians reach children and their families long before they enter traditional education venues. In so doing, pediatricians play a key role in children\'s school readiness and in turn health outcomes. The current state of childhood literacy in United States defines an increasingly urgent platform for the healthcare profession generally, and pediatricians specifically, to embrace. Through reviewing the existing literature on the impact of childhood literacy on physical, mental, and social-emotional health outcomes, we hope to highlight the need for increased collaboration between the education and medical fields to further promote the literacy interventions in pediatric healthcare settings.

UNASSIGNED: In March 2023, all societal-level COVID-19 control measures were lifted by the Dutch government. This study was performed to understand the self-experienced burden of this new phase of COVID-19 on the perspectives and behaviors of severely immunocompromised individuals.
UNASSIGNED: This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study in The Netherlands. An online survey was completed by severely immunocompromised individuals, to capture their general well-being (score from 1 = worst to 10 = best), mental and physical health, and daily and social activities during survey conduct and retrospectively for before onset of COVID-19. The survey was open for completion from May 24th until August 7nd, 2023.
UNASSIGNED: Of the 236 respondents, 96.6 % had been vaccinated against COVID-19 and 24.6 % were shielding to avoid COVID-19 during survey conduct. The general well-being score for all respondents was 7.5 (±1.2 SD) before onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and 6.9 (±1.6 SD) during survey conduct (P<0.001). For the shielding group (n = 58), these scores were 7.6 (±1.0 SD) and 5.7 (±1.6 SD), respectively (P<0.001). Generally, for all questions about mental and physical health and daily and social activities, there was a trend towards more negative answers during survey conduct, compared with before onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which was more pronounced for the shielding group.
UNASSIGNED: Despite absence of government-imposed societal measures, COVID-19 avoidance still had a self-experienced burden on perspectives and behaviors of immunocompromised individuals in The Netherlands, with a significantly lower general well-being during survey conduct, compared with before onset of COVID-19.

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures individual well-being across physical, psychological, and social domains. Patients with predominantly antibody deficiency (PAD) are at risk for morbidity and mortality, however, the effect of these complications on HRQoL requires additional study. Patients with PAD were asked to voluntarily complete the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) HRQoL-14 Healthy Days Measure questionnaire. These results were compared to data from the CDC-initiated Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a cross-sectional questionnaire including questions from CDC-HRQOL-14. Statistical analyses included two-proportion Z-test, t-tests, and analysis of variance. 83 patients with PAD completed the survey. Patients were sub-stratified into mild (23.7%), moderate (35.5%), severe (40.8%), and secondary (8.4%) PAD. \"Fair or poor\" health status was reported in 52.6% of PAD patients. Mental health challenges ≥ 14 days/month occurred in 25% of patients. Physical health issues ≥ 14 days/month was reported in 44.7% of patients. Activity limitations were noted by 80.3% of patients. There were no statistically significant differences by PAD severity. Patients with autoimmune and inflammatory disease co-morbidities reported more mental health challenges compared to those without (78% vs. 54.3%, p = 0.02). Compared to the CDC-BRFSS data, significantly more patients with PAD reported \"fair or poor\" health status (53% vs 12.0%; p < 0.0001), mental health challenges (24.1% vs 14.7%; p = 0.02), and poor physical health (44.6% vs 8.0%; p < 0.0001). Patients with PAD had significantly reduced HRQoL compared to CDC-BRFSS respondents from a similar geographical region. Decreased HRQoL was prevalent across all PAD severity levels. Additional research is needed to improve HRQoL for patients with PAD.

The parenting literature has established the coparenting relationship as central to the parenting behaviors and outcomes of men. The construct of coparenting encompasses supportive efforts among individuals that facilitate the rearing of children and unsupportive actions that can undermine parenting efforts (Merrifield & Gamble, 2013). Few studies have examined undermining coparenting as an experience that shapes Black men\'s health outcomes. In this study, we apply the social determinants of health framework to examine the impact of Black fathers\' perceptions of undermining coparenting on their self-reported ratings of mental and physical health. Using a nationally representative sample of Black men (n = 255), correlational analyses revealed perceptions of undermining coparenting to be a significant predictor of higher levels of anger and poorer perceptions of physical health. These relationships were found to be mediated by depressive symptoms and moderated by restrictive emotionality. It is recommended that the negative impact of undermining coparenting on health be considered as a potential comorbidity contributing to negative health outcomes for Black men. This study adds to the literature on coparenting, Black men\'s health, and Black fatherhood more generally and urges policymakers and practitioners to consider undermining as an often overlooked, but significant, social determinant of health impacting the well-being of Black men. We also offer recommendations for promoting Black men\'s health by educating families on the effects of undermining and offering the supports necessary for achieving positive coparenting dynamics.

BACKGROUND: While foreign migrants contribute to economic development, they may impact public health by transmitting communicable diseases to the local population. With its geopolitical position, Thailand has been a primary destination for migrants from neighbouring countries in Southeast Asia and beyond. This positioning makes it a focal point for examining the complexities of migration dynamics and its implications for public health. Through a quantitative analysis, this paper investigates the influence of foreign migrants on physical health issues in Thailand, exploring their impact on various types of communicable diseases. The utilization of provincial-level data from Thailand offers insights into the localized effects of migrant populations on public health within the country. These insights can serve as a valuable resource for researchers and policymakers who conduct comparative analyses, facilitating a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between international migration and public health worldwide.
METHODS: A spatial panel autoregressive model (SAR) is applied on the provincial level communicable diseases and socio-economic data in Thailand from the period 2016 to 2021.
RESULTS: The results indicate that the influence of foreign migrants on communicable diseases in Thailand varies depending on the type of disease. While an increase in migrants correlates with a higher prevalence of respiratory and other communicable diseases, it conversely reduces the prevalence of vaccine-preventable diseases. Additionally, we found that migrants do not significantly impact the prevalence of food- and water-borne diseases, insect-borne diseases, animal-borne diseases, or sexually transmitted diseases in Thailand. Additionally, other factors, such as GPP per capita, unemployment, poverty, and technology access, strongly correlate with most types of communicable diseases.
CONCLUSIONS: As revealed by this study, the increase in migrants leads to a rise in respiratory and other communicable diseases, as well as a decrease in vaccine-preventable diseases, which carries significant policy implications. These results urge policymakers, the Ministry of Labour, and the Ministry of Public Health to implement tailored policies and measures to enhance public health and effectively mitigate the risk of communicable diseases transmitted by migrants in the future.