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UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to elucidate the factors that affect the dynamics of blood D-dimer in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).
UNASSIGNED: We retrospectively reviewed medical records from two hospitals and extracted data obtained during assisted reproductive technology and OHSS treatment. Blood D-dimer levels during hospitalization were plotted against body weight. Other factors possibly related to blood D-dimer levels were also analyzed.
UNASSIGNED: The analysis included 10 patients with OHSS admitted between January 2013 and June 2023. In all patients, blood D-dimer levels increased significantly when they convalesced from OHSS and lost weight. None of the patients showed clinical signs of thrombosis, which was confirmed using imaging tests in 8 of 10 patients. Two patients underwent cell-free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy (CART), and their blood D-dimer levels increased dramatically after the procedure.
UNASSIGNED: Weight change and CART are associated with blood D-dimer dynamics in OHSS. Our results show that elevated blood D-dimer levels in patients with OHSS do not always represent the presence of thrombosis. Reinfusion of pooled D-dimer in ascites may explain the D-dimer surge during the recovery phase or after CART in these patients. Our study provides new perspectives on the clinical implications of D-dimer during OHSS.

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum tumor markers and serous effusion in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, thereby contributing preliminary data on the utility of these tumor markers in diagnosing serous effusion. In this retrospective analysis, clinical data of SLE patients were extracted from electronic medical records. This included the levels of serum tumor markers, including pro-gastrin-releasing peptide, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cytokeratin-19 fragments (CYFRA 21-1), various carbohydrate antigens (CA 153, CA 125, CA 19-9), along with carcinoembryonic antigen, and alpha-fetoprotein. Positivity of tumor markers was established based on serum levels surpassing the upper threshold of the respective reference ranges. This study included 149 eligible patients with SLE, of whom 38 (25.50%) had serous effusion, and the prevalence of pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal effusions was 11.41%, 14.77%, and 6.71%, respectively. The analysis revealed that patients with serous effusion had higher scores on the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI 2000) than those without serous effusion. Notably, this disparity remained significant when the serositis score was excluded from the SLEDAI 2000 calculation. The positivity rate and serum levels of CA 125 were higher in patients with serous effusion and pleural effusion. Patients with pericardial effusion demonstrated an elevated CYFRA 21-1 positivity rate and serum CA 125 and CYFRA 21-1 levels compared to patients without pericardial effusion. CA 125 and NSE were higher both in terms of positivity rate and serum levels for patients with peritoneal effusion. Through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a moderate relationship was discerned between the conjoined levels of CYFRA 21-1 and CA 125 and the occurrence of pericardial effusion. Additionally, CA 125, NSE, and their combination revealed the moderate diagnostic ability of peritoneal effusion. In summary, this study observed elevated serum levels of various tumor markers in SLE patients exhibiting serous effusion, which is likely attributable to lupus-induced inflammation. These findings suggest that serum tumor markers can be valuable in diagnosing pericardial and peritoneal effusions.

UNASSIGNED: The \"international system for reporting serous fluid cytopathology\"(TIS) consists of five diagnostic categories: nondiagnostic (ND), negative for malignancy (NFM), atypia of undetermined significance (AUS), suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and malignant (MAL). The study was conducted to reclassify effusion cytology samples according to the newly proposed TIS to calculate the risk of malignancy (ROM) for each category and to conduct performance analysis.
UNASSIGNED: The study was a retrospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care institution in North India. Clinical data of the cases from June 2013 to July 2021 were retrieved and the cases were reviewed by two cytopathologists. All cases were reclassified according to the proposed TIS system into five categories.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 2318 patients were included in the study over a time span of 8 years, and 1614 (69.6%) cases of pleural effusion cytology, 612 (26.4%) cases of peritoneal effusion cytology, and 92 (3.9%) cases of pericardial effusion cytology were included. All effusion cytology smears were recategorized as per TIS guidelines into ND, NFM, AUS, SFM, and MAL with 4 (0.17%), 1756 (75.75%), 12 (0.51%), 57 (2.46%), and 489 (21.11%) cases, respectively, and ROM was 25%, 17.9%, 66.7%, 75.4%, and 96.5%, respectively, for the categories.
UNASSIGNED: Besides being a simple, easy, and user-friendly system, TIS has the benefit of risk stratification and ROM for each category. The TIS system proposed a tiered scheme, which places the effusion cytology into well-defined categories, and therefore has lesser chances of false-positive and false-negative cases.

UNASSIGNED: The clinical manifestations of paragonimiasis are diverse and non-specific, and can easily lead to misdiagnosis. We aimed to analyze the clinical manifestations, laboratory features, treatment, and clinical outcome of children with paragonimiasis in order to improve recognition of this disease and avoid misdiagnosis.
UNASSIGNED: Children diagnosed with paragonimiasis from August 2016 to July 2022 were included in the study. Information on population informatics, medical history, and laboratory features was extracted from case data. The clinical features of paragonimiasis were retrospectively analyzed.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 45 children were included in this study. All children had, at least, one risk factor. The clinical features mainly included fever, cough, pleural effusion, peritoneal effusion, and subcutaneous nodules. The main imaging findings were alveolar exudation, peritoneal effusion, pleural thickening, and local nodules. The \"tunnel sign\" finding on computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was helpful in establishing the diagnosis of paragonimiasis. After praziquantel treatment, most of the children improved, and one child with cerebral paragonimiasis experienced sequelae.
UNASSIGNED: Most children with paragonimiasis have a good prognosis, but few children can experience sequelae. Avoidance of untreated water and raw food is a simple, feasible, and effective preventive measure.

Peritoneal effusion is a common event in ovarian cancer (OC) patients. LncRNA H19 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are implicated in cancer progression. The study evaluated the curative effect and safety of bevacizumab combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in OC patients with peritoneal effusion and the effect on serum lncRNA H19/VEGF levels. Totally 248 OC patients with peritoneal effusion were treated with intraperitoneal bevacizumab + HIPEC (observation group) or abdominal paracentesis without HIPEC (control group). The clinical efficacy, quality of life, and adverse reactions were evaluated after two treatment cycles. The serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels pre-/post-treatment were determined by RT-qPCR and ELISA. The observation group exhibited better clinical efficacy than the control group, evidenced by a higher partial response rate, response rate, and disease control rate. The observation group exhibited reduced physical/cognitive/role/social/emotional function scores and total adverse reactions. LncRNA H19/VEGF levels showed no significant difference between the two groups before treatment but were significantly downregulated in the observation group after treatment. Summarily, intraperitoneal bevacizumab + HIPEC has significant efficacy in treating peritoneal effusion, improves the quality of life, and reduces serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels in OC patients, with fewer adverse reactions and higher safety.Impact statementWhat is already known on this subject? The utilization of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) as an emerging treatment option for abdominal malignancies has garnered the attention of numerous researchers over the years, which has significant clinical effects on peritoneal effusion in ovarian cancer and can control patients\' conditions and improve their signs and symptoms to a certain extent.What do the results of this study add? In this paper, we investigated the efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal bevacizumab combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the treatment of peritoneal effusion in ovarian cancer. Meanwhile, we compared serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels before and after treatment.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Our findings may provide a clinically worthy method for the treatment of peritoneal effusion in ovarian cancer. The treatment method reduces serum lncRNA H19 and VEGF levels in patients, which provides a theoretical basis for further research.

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Cytologic specimens often represent the initial diagnostic material for tubo-ovarian neoplasms resulting from therapeutic paracentesis for patients presenting with high-volume ascites. However, subtyping and immunohistochemical (IHC) characterization, which have implications in preoperative management and downstream ancillary testing, are not routinely performed in many institutions. This study aims to perform cytohistologic correlation of commonly used IHC stains to establish their reliability in peritoneal fluids/washing specimens.
A retrospective search of the laboratory information systems was performed to identify peritoneal fluid/washing specimens involved by borderline or malignant epithelial tubo-ovarian neoplasms and concurrent/subsequent surgical resection specimens. Cell blocks and tissue were stained for PAX8, WT-1, p53, p16, Napsin-A, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor, and staining between cytological and surgical specimens was compared.
A total of 56 case pairs were included, with the following final diagnoses on histological examination: 37 high-grade serous carcinomas, eight clear cell carcinomas, one endometrioid adenocarcinoma, two low-grade serous carcinomas, and eight serous borderline tumors. There was perfect cytohistologic correlation for PAX8 (Lin\'s concordance correlation coefficient [LINCCC] = 1.00) and WT-1 (LINCCC = 1.00), substantial/good correlation for p53 (LINCCC = 0.96), p16 (LINCCC = 0.93), napsin-A (LINCCC = 0.91) and ER (LINCCC = 0.77), and moderate correlation for PR (LINCCC = 0.54).
Immunohistochemical correlation between peritoneal fluid and surgical resection specimens for tubo-ovarian neoplasms is high. Common subtypes of tubo-ovarian carcinomas can be reliably distinguished on fluids using IHC.

BACKGROUND: In most cases of yellow nail syndrome (YNS), the classic triad of yellow nails, lymphedema and respiratory manifestations rarely manifest simultaneously. Therefore, diagnosis is delayed or frequently missed.
METHODS: We report a 62-year-old YNS patient presenting with bilateral pleural, pericardial and peritoneal effusions who, 2 mo later, developed minimal-change nephrotic syndrome. After treatment with vitamin E, clarithromycin and prednisone for 3 mo, effusions in the chest, pericardium and abdominal cavity decreased while urine protein levels returned to within normal ranges.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should consider the possibility of YNS for patients presenting with multiple serous effusions and nephrotic syndromes.