BACKGROUND: The significant impact of digital health emerged prominently during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite this, there is a paucity of bibliometric analyses focusing on technologies within the field of digital health patents. Patents offer a wealth of insights into technologies, commercial prospects, and competitive landscapes, often undisclosed in other publications. Given the rapid evolution of the digital health industry, safeguarding algorithms, software, and advanced surgical devices through patent systems is imperative. The patent system simultaneously acts as a valuable repository of technological knowledge, accessible to researchers. This accessibility facilitates the enhancement of existing technologies and the advancement of medical equipment, ultimately contributing to public health improvement and meeting public demands.
OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study is to gain a more profound understanding of technology hotspots and development trends within the field of digital health.
METHODS: Using a bibliometric analysis methodology, we assessed the global technological output reflected in patents on digital health published between 2017 and 2021. Using Citespace5.1R8 and Excel 2016, we conducted bibliometric visualization and comparative analyses of key metrics, including national contributions, institutional affiliations, inventor profiles, and technology topics.
RESULTS: A total of 15,763 digital health patents were identified as published between 2017 and 2021. The China National Intellectual Property Administration secured the top position with 7253 published patents, whereas Koninklijke Philips emerged as the leading institution with 329 patents. Notably, Assaf Govari emerged as the most prolific inventor. Technology hot spots encompassed categories such as \"Medical Equipment and Information Systems,\" \"Image Analysis,\" and \"Electrical Diagnosis,\" classified by Derwent Manual Code. A patent related to the technique of receiving and transmitting data through microchips garnered the highest citation, attributed to the patentee Covidien LP.
CONCLUSIONS: The trajectory of digital health patents has been growing since 2017, primarily propelled by China, the United States, and Japan. Applications in health interventions and enhancements in surgical devices represent the predominant scenarios for digital health technology. Algorithms emerged as the pivotal technologies protected by patents, whereas techniques related to data transfer, storage, and exchange in the digital health domain are anticipated to be focal points in forthcoming basic research.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the research performance in ophthalmology in Germany based on the findings of the recent research map of the German Ophthalmological Society (DOG) and to suggest strategies for future improvements on a national level both to DOG as well as to politics. The focus is on preclinical and translational clinical research.
METHODS: International expert panel evaluation and discussion organized by the Task Force Research of the German Ophthalmological Society (DOG).
RESULTS: The international view on the German ophthalmological research landscape was generally positive. The value for money relationship was judged as very good. As Germany is facing an aging society and vision impairment will create an ever-increasing socioeconomic burden, the reviewers suggested several lines of future activities: an increased activity of securing intellectual property, more lay audience lobbying, intensified collaboration and critical mass building between \"lighthouses\" of ophthalmic research in Germany, as well as the establishment of a German national eye institute equivalent.
CONCLUSIONS: The ophthalmological research performance in Germany was rated to be very good by an international expert panel. Nonetheless significant improvements were requested in the fields of translation (clinical trials, IP), synergy between specialized institutions and governmental funding for a German center for eye research.
UNASSIGNED: ZIEL: Die Forschungsleistung in der Augenheilkunde in Deutschland auf der Grundlage der Ergebnisse der aktuellen DOG-Analyse (Forschungslandkarte der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft [DOG]) zu bewerten und der DOG sowie der Politik Strategien für zukünftige Verbesserungen auf nationaler Ebene vorzuschlagen. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf der präklinischen und translationalen, klinischen Forschung.
METHODS: Internationale Expertenpanelauswertung und Diskussion, organisiert von dem Arbeitskreis Forschung der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft (DOG).
UNASSIGNED: Die deutsche Forschungslandschaft in der Ophthalmologie ist international gut anerkannt. Das Preis-Leistungs-Verhältnis wurde als sehr gut bewertet. Da Deutschland mit einer alternden Gesellschaft konfrontiert ist und Sehbehinderungen eine immer größere sozioökonomische Belastung darstellen werden, schlugen die Gutachter mehrere Ziele für zukünftige Aktivitäten vor: eine verstärkte Aktivität zur Sicherung des geistigen Eigentums, mehr Lobbyarbeit mit Patientenvertretern, eine intensivere nationale Zusammenarbeit und der Aufbau einer kritischen Masse zwischen den „Leuchttürmen“ der ophthalmologischen Forschung in Deutschland sowie die Einrichtung eines „Deutschen National Eye Institutes“.
UNASSIGNED: Die ophthalmologische Forschungsleistung in Deutschland wurde von einem internationalen Expertengremium als sehr gut bewertet. Dennoch wurden deutliche Verbesserungen in den Bereichen Translation (klinische Studien, IP), Synergie zwischen spezialisierten Einrichtungen und die staatliche Förderung eines deutschen Zentrums für Gesundheitsforschung zum Thema Augenheilkunde gefordert.

Plant proteins are increasingly seen as critical nutrient sources for both amateur and professional athletes. The aim of the presented study was to review the inventions and experimental articles referring to the application of plant-based proteins, peptides and amino acids in food products dedicated to sportspeople and published in the period 2014-2023. The literature search was conducted according to PRISMA statementsacross several key databases, including Scopus and ISI Web of Science. Altogether, 106 patents and 35 original articles were found. The survey of patents and inventions described in the articles showed the use of 52 taxa (mainly annual herbaceous plants), creating edible seeds and representing mainly the families Fabaceae and Poaceae. The majority of inventions were developed by research teams numbering from two to five scientists, affiliated in China, The United States of America and Japan. The greatest number of inventions applied plant-based proteins (especially protein isolates), declared the nutritional activity and were prepared in liquid or solid consistency. According to the reviewed studies, the intake of soybean and potato proteins might provide better results than animal-based protein (excluding resistance training), whereas the consumption of pea and rice protein does not possess any unique anabolic properties over whey protein. The analysis of other investigations demonstrated the varied acceptability and consumption of food products, while the high rating of the tested food products presented in four articles seems to be an effect of their sensual values, as well as other elements, such as production method, health benefits and cost-effectiveness. Considering the great potential of useful plant species, it might be concluded that future investigations focusing on searching for novel plant protein sources, suitable for the preparation of food products dedicated to amateur and professional sportspeople, remain of interest.

Green propolis is a resin produced from Baccharis dracunculifolia, which has as its main compounds flavonoids, derivatives of cinnamic acids, such as artepillin C and baccarin. This resin has antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. This review aimed to analyze pharmaceutical patents containing green propolis in various formulations. The search was conducted in the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), the Patent Search of Spain and Latin America (Latipat-Espacenet), the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), and Google Patents, with a combination of the keywords green propolis, green propolis extract, pharmacology, and pharmaceutical product. Primary research identified 60 patents, from which 22 were selected after applying the inclusion criteria. The selected patents referred to products with pharmacological activities, from cancer treatment to food supplements and included innovations for improved controlled release of the green propolis compounds. Most of the documents concerned the preparation and/or formulation of the green propolis extract, followed by innovative extraction methods, treatment and systemic use, and finally by topical use and quality control techniques and procedures. Thus, the reviewed patents of green propolis provided valuable insights into the pharmaceutical applications of green propolis, showing its potential in diverse formulations and treatments.

UNASSIGNED: Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) is an innate immune sensor. Activation of STING triggers a downstream response that results in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β) via nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) or the expression of type I interferons (IFNs) via an interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). IFNs can eventually result in promotion of the adaptive immune response including activation of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells to abolish the tumor. Consequently, activation of STING has been considered as a potential strategy for cancer treatment.
UNASSIGNED: This article provides an overview on structures and pharmacological data of CDN-like and non-nucleotide STING agonists acting as anticancer agents (January 2021 to October 2023) from a medicinal chemistry perspective. The data in this review come from EPO, WIPO, RCSB PDB, CDDI.
UNASSIGNED: In recent years, several structurally diverse STING agonists have been identified. As an immune enhancer, they are used in the treatment of tumors, which has received extensive attention from scientific community and pharmaceutical companies. Despite the multiple challenges that have appeared, STING agonists may offer opportunities for immunotherapy.

UNASSIGNED: PIM Kinases (PIM-1, PIM-2, and PIM-3) have been reported to play crucial role in signaling cascades that govern cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Over-expression of these kinases leads to hematological malignancies such as diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL), multiple myeloma, leukemia, lymphoma and prostate cancer etc. PIM kinases as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets have shown promise toward precision cancer therapy. The selective PIM-1, PIM-2, and/or PIM-3 isoform inhibitors have shown significant results in patients with advanced stages of cancer including relapsed/refractory cancer.
UNASSIGNED: A comprehensive literature review of PIM Kinases (PIM-1, PIM-2, and PIM-3) in oncogenesis, the patented PIM kinase inhibitors (2016-Present), and their pharmacological and structural insights have been highlighted.
UNASSIGNED: Recently, PIM kinases viz. PIM-1, PIM-2, and PIM-3 (members of the serine/threonine protein kinase family) as therapeutic targets have attracted considerable interest in oncology especially in hematological malignancies. The patented PIM kinase inhibitors comprised of heterocyclic (fused)ring structure(s) like indole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrazole, pyridazine, piperazine, thiazole, oxadiazole, quinoline, triazolo-pyridine, pyrazolo-pyridine, imidazo-pyridazine, oxadiazole-thione, pyrazolo-pyrimidine, triazolo-pyridazine, imidazo-pyridazine, pyrazolo-quinazoline and pyrazolo-pyridine etc. showed promising results in cancer chemotherapy.

UNASSIGNED: Medical devices can seek patent term extensions (PTEs), which extend market exclusivity to compensate for delays related to clinical trials and regulatory review. Pharmaceutical companies commonly use PTEs, but their use by medical device companies has not been clear.
UNASSIGNED: We examined the use of PTEs by medical device companies between 1984 and 2024 using a database published in the Federal Register and a list published by the Patent and Trademark Office.
UNASSIGNED: Only 178 medical device submissions were linked to a PTE application. They were mostly concentrated in 116 product codes associated with 15 medical specialties; nearly half were associated with cardiovascular devices. Numbers increased significantly in the past decade. Successful applications restored 987 days on average.
UNASSIGNED: The patent restoration opportunity appears underutilized. It is unclear whether some companies do not recognize the opportunity it promises, or whether it does not meet their needs. Different business features and marketing strategies in device versus pharmaceutical industries may decrease the usefulness of the PTE program for these types of medical products. However, the finding that a small subset of manufacturers operating in competitive markets adopted patent extension strategies more commonly suggests a significant competitive advantage when competition increases.

暂无摘要。

Drug repurposing has emerged as a promising approach in the drug discovery and development process as it offers safe and effective therapeutic options in a time effective manner. Though the issues related to pre-clinical and clinical aspects of drug development process are greatly addressed during drug repurposing yet regulatory perspectives gain even more However, like traditional drug development the repurposed drugs face multiple challenges. Such challenges range from the patenting rights, novelty of repurposing, data and market exclusivity to affordability and equitable access to the patient population. In order to optimize the market access of repurposed drugs, regulatory organizations throughout the world have developed accelerated approval procedures. The regulatory bodies have recognized the importance of repurposing approaches and repurposed drugs. Regulatory bodies can encourage the development of repurposed drugs by providing incentives to pharmaceutical companies and more accessible and affordable repurposed agents for the general population. This chapter summarizes the regulatory and ethical considerations pertaining to the repurposed drugs and highlights a few cases of intellectual property rights for repurposed drugs that have helped improve patient\'s access to safe, efficacious and cost-effective therapeutic options.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the research performance in ophthalmology in Germany based on the findings of the recent research map of the German Ophthalmological Society ( DOG) and to suggest strategies for future improvements on a national level both to DOG as well as to politics. The focus is on preclinical and translational clinical research.
METHODS: International expert panel evaluation and discussion organized by the Task Force Research of the German Ophthalmological Society (DOG).
RESULTS: The international view on the German ophthalmological research landscape was generally positive. The value for money relationship was judged as very good. As Germany is facing an aging society and vision impairment will create an ever-increasing socioeconomic burden, the reviewers suggested several lines of future activities: an increased activity of securing intellectual property, more lay audience lobbying, intensified collaboration and critical mass building between \"lighthouses\" of ophthalmic research in Germany, as well as the establishment of a German national eye institute equivalent.
CONCLUSIONS: The ophthalmological research performance in Germany was rated to be very good by an international expert panel. Nonetheless significant improvements were requested in the fields of translation (clinical trials, IP), synergy between specialized institutions and governmental funding for a German center for eye research.
UNASSIGNED: ZIEL: Die Forschungsleistung in der Augenheilkunde in Deutschland auf der Grundlage der Ergebnisse der aktuellen DOG-Analyse (Forschungslandkarte der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft [DOG]) zu bewerten und der DOG sowie der Politik Strategien für zukünftige Verbesserungen auf nationaler Ebene vorzuschlagen. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf der präklinischen und translationalen, klinischen Forschung.
METHODS: Internationale Expertenpanelauswertung und Diskussion, organisiert von dem Arbeitskreis Forschung der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft (DOG).
UNASSIGNED: Die deutsche Forschungslandschaft in der Ophthalmologie ist international gut anerkannt. Das Preis-Leistungs-Verhältnis wurde als sehr gut bewertet. Da Deutschland mit einer alternden Gesellschaft konfrontiert ist und Sehbehinderungen eine immer größere sozioökonomische Belastung darstellen werden, schlugen die Gutachter mehrere Ziele für zukünftige Aktivitäten vor: eine verstärkte Aktivität zur Sicherung des geistigen Eigentums, mehr Lobbyarbeit mit Patientenvertretern, eine intensivere nationale Zusammenarbeit und der Aufbau einer kritischen Masse zwischen den „Leuchttürmen“ der ophthalmologischen Forschung in Deutschland sowie die Einrichtung eines „Deutschen National Eye Institutes“.
UNASSIGNED: Die ophthalmologische Forschungsleistung in Deutschland wurde von einem internationalen Expertengremium als sehr gut bewertet. Dennoch wurden deutliche Verbesserungen in den Bereichen Translation (klinische Studien, IP), Synergie zwischen spezialisierten Einrichtungen und die staatliche Förderung eines deutschen Zentrums für Gesundheitsforschung zum Thema Augenheilkunde gefordert.