背景:阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer\'sdisease,AD)是一种复杂的神经退行性疾病,伴随着老年人的认知功能损害,其中β-淀粉样蛋白的细胞外积累和高磷酸化tau的细胞内聚集被认为是流行的理论。然而,确切的AD机制尚未确定。此外,在III期试验中没有有效的治疗方法可以根除AD,探索新的治疗方法势在必行。
目的:大量关于认知损害的最新临床前研究有助于阐明AD的病理学。这篇综述概述了AD病理生物学的一些进展,并讨论了天然化合物的神经保护作用。如酚类化合物,天然多糖和寡糖,肽,和脂质,强调AD的治疗潜力。
方法:涉及PubMed的电子数据库,WebofScience,和谷歌学者被搜索到2023年10月。文章是使用像阿尔茨海默病这样的关键词进行的,致病机制,天然化合物,和神经保护。
结果:这篇综述总结了几种AD病理以及天然化合物如天然多糖和寡糖的神经保护作用。肽,和脂质。
结论:我们已经讨论了AD的致病机制以及天然产物对神经退行性疾病的作用,特别是在治疗AD方面。具体来说,我们研究了天然化合物与阿尔茨海默病之间的分子途径和联系,例如通过NF-κB,Nrf2和mTOR通路。在临床试验中探索天然化合物的生物活性和有效性时,需要进一步的研究,这可能为AD患者提供有希望的治疗。
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) is a complicated neurodegenerative disease with cognitive impairment occurring in the older people, in which extracellular accumulation of β-amyloid and intracellular aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau are regarded as the prevailing theories. However, the exact AD mechanism has not been determined. Moreover, there is no effective treatment available in phase III trials to eradicate AD, which is imperative to explore novel treatments.
OBJECTIVE: A number of up-to-date pre-clinical studies on cognitive impairment is beneficial to clarify the pathology of AD. This review recapitulates several advances in AD pathobiology and discusses the neuroprotective effects of natural compounds, such as phenolic compounds, natural polysaccharides and oligosaccharides, peptide, and lipids, underscoring the therapeutic potential for AD.
METHODS: Electronic databases involving PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched up to October 2023. Articles were conducted using the keywords like Alzheimer\'s disease, pathogenic mechanisms, natural compounds, and neuroprotection.
RESULTS: This review summarized several AD pathologies and the neuroprotective effects of natural compounds such as natural polysaccharides and oligosaccharides, peptide, and lipids.
CONCLUSIONS: We have discussed the pathogenic mechanisms of AD and the effect natural products on neurodegenerative diseases particularly in treating AD. Specifically, we investigated the molecular pathways and links between natural compounds and Alzheimer\'s disease such as through NF-κB, Nrf2, and mTOR pathway. Further investigation is necessary in exploring the bioactivity and effectiveness of natural compounds in clinical trials, which may provide a promising treatment for AD patients.