目的:比较鼻内(IN)和肌内(IM)咪达唑仑-布托啡诺-氯胺酮对眼内压(IOP)的影响,兔的泪液产生(TP)和镇静作用。
方法:前瞻性,随机化,交叉实验研究。
方法:14只雄性新西兰白兔,1-2岁,体重3.1±0.8kg(平均值±标准偏差)。
方法:给兔服用咪达唑仑(1mgkg-1),布托啡诺(1.5mgkg-1)和氯胺酮(5mgkg-1)通过IN和IM途径。IOP,在0(给药前)评估TP和镇静评分,给药后5、15、30、45和60分钟。心率(HR)呼吸频率(fR),直肠温度(RT),同时记录无创性平均动脉血压(MAP)和外周血血红蛋白氧饱和度(SpO2),直至给药后45分钟.记录镇静的开始和持续时间以及镇静评分。
结果:给药途径对平均IOP(p=0.271)或TP(p=0.062)没有显著影响,IOP(p=0.711)或TP(p=0.372)随时间无明显变化。同样,分娩途径对HR没有显著影响(p=0.747),fR(p=0.872),RT(p=0.379),MAP(p=0.217)和SpO2(p=0.254)。与IM给药(4.9±0.7分钟)相比,IN(3.0±1.0分钟)的镇静开始更快(p=0.011),但IM组的镇静持续时间(52.6±7.2分钟)明显长于IN组(30.7±6.8分钟)(p=0.004).在任何记录的时间点,两种递送途径之间的镇静评分没有显著差异。
结论:咪达唑仑-布托啡诺-氯胺酮的组合对生理和眼部变量的影响最小,无论给药途径如何,而IN给药导致比IM给药更短的起效和作用持续时间。
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of intranasal (IN) and intramuscular (IM) midazolam-butorphanol-ketamine on intraocular pressure (IOP), tear production (TP) and sedation in rabbits.
METHODS: Prospective, randomized, crossover experimental study.
METHODS: Fourteen male New Zealand White rabbits, aged 1-2 years, body mass 3.1 ± 0.8 kg (mean ± standard deviation).
METHODS: Rabbits were administered midazolam (1 mg kg-1), butorphanol (1.5 mg kg-1) and ketamine (5 mg kg-1) via IN and IM routes. IOP, TP and sedation scores were assessed at 0 (before drug administration), 5, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after drug administration. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (fR), rectal temperature (RT), noninvasive mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and peripheral hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) were simultaneously recorded until 45 minutes after drug administration. The onset and duration of sedation and sedation scores were recorded.
RESULTS: Drug delivery route had no significant impact on mean IOP (p = 0.271) or TP (p = 0.062), and there were no significant changes over time for IOP (p = 0.711) or TP (p = 0.372). Similarly, delivery route had no significant impact on HR (p = 0.747), fR (p = 0.872), RT (p = 0.379), MAP (p = 0.217) and SpO2 (p = 0.254). Sedation onset was faster with IN (3.0 ± 1.0 minutes) than with IM administration (4.9 ± 0.7 minutes) (p = 0.011), but sedation duration was significantly longer with IM (52.6 ± 7.2 minutes) than with IN delivery (30.7 ± 6.8 minutes) (p = 0.004). There was no significant difference in sedation scores between the two delivery routes at any of the recorded time points.
CONCLUSIONS: The combination of midazolam-butorphanol-ketamine had minimal impact on physiological and ocular variables regardless of the route of administration, whereas IN drug administration led to a shorter onset and duration of action than IM administration.