在韩国,温室传统上用于冬季作物种植。然而,由于不同的消费者需求,气候变化,和农业技术的进步,更多的农场瞄准全年生产。尽管如此,夏季作物带来挑战,如高温,季风季节的湿度,和低光条件,这使得种植庄稼变得困难。因此,这项研究旨在确定在韩国半封闭温室中种植夏季番茄的最佳种植时间,该温室既可以空调又可以加热。实验是在先进的数字温室中进行的,由国家农业科学研究所建造。番茄幼苗是在4月份种植的,May,2022年6月。生长参数,如茎直径,开花位置,茎生长率,并测量了叶片形状指数,并且在种植后65天至265天,每个处理每周进行一次或两次收获。测量每个种植时间的光利用效率和单位面积产量。4月份种植的西红柿对水果生产的光利用效率最高提高了42.9%,产量最高提高了33.3%。此外,作物的生长形式最接近生殖生长类型。因此,四月间,May,六月,4月被认为是最适合夏季种植的种植时间,预计这将有助于降低劳动力成本,因为工作量减少,并通过提高产量增加农场收入。未来的研究应探索优化温室微气候和开发适合夏季种植的作物品种,以进一步提高全年农业实践的生产力和可持续性。
In Korea, greenhouses are traditionally used for crop cultivation in the winter. However, due to diverse consumer demands, climate change, and advancements in agricultural technology, more farms are aiming for year-round production. Nonetheless, summer cropping poses challenges such as high temperatures, humidity from the monsoon season, and low light conditions, which make it difficult to grow crops. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the best planting time for summer tomato cultivation in a Korean semi-closed greenhouse that can be both air-conditioned and heated. The experiment was conducted in the Advanced Digital Greenhouse, built by the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences. The tomato seedlings were planted in April, May, and June 2022. Growth parameters such as stem diameter, flowering position, stem growth rate, and leaf shape index were measured, and harvesting was carried out once or twice weekly per treatment from 65 days to 265 days after planting. The light use efficiency and yield per unit area at each planting time was measured. Tomatoes planted in April showed a maximum of 42.9% higher light use efficiency for fruit production and a maximum of 33.3% higher yield. Furthermore, the growth form of the crops was closest to the reproductive growth type. Therefore, among April, May, and June, April is considered the most suitable planting time for summer cultivation, which is expected to contribute to reducing labor costs due to decreased workload and increasing farm income through increased yields. Future research should explore optimizing greenhouse microclimates and developing crop varieties tailored for summer cultivation to further enhance productivity and sustainability in year-round agricultural practices.