相思树是原产于西澳大利亚州。由于其适应干旱的能力,它已成为世界其他地区引进和快速生长的植物,盐碱土,和生长环境。对植物提取物的生物活性和植物化学物质进行了研究。然而,将这些生物活性与植物提取物中已确定的化合物联系起来的综合信息仍然缺乏。这篇综述中收集的数据揭示了羟基苯甲酸的丰富化学多样性,肉桂酸,黄酮类化合物,皂苷,萨利尼尼亚的松果生长在埃及,沙特阿拉伯,突尼斯,南非,和澳大利亚。植物化学成分和数量的变化可以归因于植物部分,不断增长的地点,萃取溶剂,和分析方法。确定的植物化学物质支持观察到的生物活性,如抗氧化剂,抗菌,抗癌,α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制,和提取物中的抗炎。化学结构的知识,生物活动,并讨论了在A.saligna中鉴定的生物活性植物化学物质的可能作用机理。此外,研究了主要活性化合物的结构-活性关系,以解释A.saligna提取物的生物活性。该综述为该植物的未来研究和新疗法的开发提供了宝贵的见解。
Acacia saligna is native to Western Australia. It has become an introduced and fast-growing plant in other parts of the world due to its ability to adapt to drought, saline and alkaline soils, and hast growing environments. Studies on the bioactivities and phytochemicals of the plant extracts were conducted. However, comprehensive information that links those bioactivities to the identified compounds in the plant\'s extracts is still lacking. Data gathered in this review revealed a rich chemical diversity of hydroxybenzoic acids, cinnamic acids, flavonoids, saponins, and pinitols in A. saligna growing in Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, South Africa, and Australia. The variability in phytochemical composition and quantity could be attributed to plant parts, growing locations, extraction solvents, and analysis methods. Identified phytochemicals support observed biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, α-glucosidase inhibition, and anti-inflammation in the extracts. The knowledge of chemical structures, biological activities, and possible mechanisms of action of the bioactive phytochemicals identified in A. saligna were discussed. In addition, the structure-activity relationships of dominant active compounds were examined to explain the bioactivities exerted by A. saligna extracts. The review provides valuable insights towards future research and the development of new therapeutics from this plant.