背景:国家职业安全与健康研究所(NIOSH),2011年,开发了“全面工人健康®”(TWH)作为保护和促进工人安全的整体方法,健康,和幸福。在TWH开发十多年后,本系统综述的目的是全面概述全球TWH举措.
方法:PubMed,搜索了Scopus和ISIWebofScience直到2023年7月31日为止发表的TWH研究,其中包括43项调查。该评价在系统评价PROSPERO国际前瞻性登记册上注册,参考号为CRD42023416972。
结果:与TWH运营相关的问题是对TWH方法和基础的认识,领导的承诺,和劳动力的参与性参与:这些方面都有助于可接受和有效的面向设置的TWH计划,专门针对工作场所的特点量身定制,包括小型企业和多雇主工作场所。据报道,评估和持续改进是成功实施TWH计划的基础。用于安全和健康计划的资源有限,在时间上,人,和资金,加上在确定安全和健康优先事项方面的困难以及不良的参与性文化被认为是TWH应用的障碍。培训是TWH领导力和员工准备工作的核心组成部分,在安全文化和采取预防措施方面取得了有益的成果。
结论:尽管我们的评论中出现了有趣的方面,未来的纵向调查应该确认有效性,易于集成,以及TWH模型在不同工作场所的长期可持续性,为了有效地支持能够提高创新和生产力的安全和增进健康的工作。
BACKGROUND: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), in 2011, developed the \"Total Worker Health®\" (TWH) as a holistic approach to protect and promote the workers\' safety, health, and well-being. After over ten years from the TWH development, the aim of the present systematic review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the worldwide TWH initiatives.
METHODS: PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of Science were searched for TWH studies published up to the 31st of July 2023, and 43 investigations could be included. The review was registered on the International prospective register of systematic reviews PROSPERO with the reference number CRD42023416972.
RESULTS: Issues that emerged as relevant for the TWH operationalization were the awareness about the TWH approach and fundamentals, the leadership commitment, and a participatory engagement of the workforce: these aspects all contributed to acceptable and effective setting oriented TWH plans, specifically tailored on the peculiarities of the workplace, including small enterprises and multiemployer worksites. Evaluation and continual improvement were reported as fundamental for the successful implementation of TWH initiatives. Limited resources for safety and health initiatives, in terms of time, people, and funds, together with difficulties in the identification of safety and health priorities and a poor participatory culture were recognized as obstacles to the TWH application. Training resulted the core component of the TWH leadership and workforce preparedness, with beneficial results in terms of safety culture and adoption of preventive measures.
CONCLUSIONS: Although interesting aspects emerged from our review, future longitudinal investigations should confirm the effectiveness, easy integration, and long-term sustainability of TWH models in different workplaces, in order to effectively support safe and health-enhancing works able to improve innovation and productivity.