背景:父亲在育儿和儿童喂养中起着举足轻重的作用,但是他们在干预研究中的代表性仍然不足,尤其是那些关注弱势群体的人。在不利条件下,更好地了解父亲在获得支持和儿童营养信息方面的经验和需求,可以为未来的干预措施提供信息。
目的:本研究旨在探讨父亲的经历;感知的推动者;以及获取与育儿相关的支持和信息的障碍,儿童喂养,和营养,并共同设计原则,以定制儿童营养干预措施,以吸引父亲。
方法:澳大利亚6个月至5岁有不利生活经验的孩子的父亲参加了半结构化访谈和共同设计研讨会,主要通过视频会议进行。创造性的类比被用来指导研讨会的构思过程。
结果:共进行了25次访谈和3次研讨会(n=10名参与者),使用反身性主题分析和能力分析数据,机会,和动机-行为模型。访谈数据阐明了影响父亲寻求育儿支持的因素,儿童喂养,和营养,包括他们的经历。它强调了父亲们多样化的信息需求以及包容性环境和鼓励的重要性。在获得与育儿和儿童营养相关的支持方面的促进者和障碍被确定为个人(例如,个人目标和资源限制),人际关系(家庭支持和对男性护理角色的错误信念),组织(父亲支持不足),和系统层面(包容父亲的实践和政策)。数字数据收集方法使澳大利亚能够参与,克服工作和能力障碍。视频会议技术被有效地用于创造性地吸引父亲。参与父亲的关键原则是根据研讨会数据共同设计的。干预和资源需要父亲的具体情况,以孩子为中心,促进赋权和合作;并就儿童喂养的方式和方式提供可操作的战略。父亲首选多格式实现,利用基于技术的设计(例如,网站和移动应用程序)和游戏化。它应该适合孩子的年龄,并针对父亲使用全面的促销策略。
结论:父亲在获得与育儿和喂养有关的支持和信息方面面临障碍,这些障碍可能无法充分满足他们的需求。未来的干预措施可以整合共同设计的原则,以有效地吸引父亲。这些发现对卫生服务提供和政策制定有影响,促进父亲包容的实践。
BACKGROUND: Fathers play a pivotal role in parenting and child feeding, but they remain underrepresented in intervention studies, especially those focused on disadvantaged populations. A better understanding of fathers\' experiences and needs regarding support access and child nutrition information in the context of disadvantage can inform future interventions engaging fathers.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore fathers\' experiences; perceived enablers; and barriers to accessing support and information related to parenting, child feeding, and nutrition and to co-design principles for tailoring child nutrition interventions to engage fathers.
METHODS: Australian fathers of children aged 6 months to 5 years with lived experience of disadvantage participated in semistructured interviews and co-design workshops, primarily conducted via videoconference. Creative analogies were used to guide the ideation process in the workshops.
RESULTS: A total of 25 interviews and 3 workshops (n=10 participants) were conducted, with data analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis and the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation-Behavior model. The interview data illuminated factors influencing fathers\' initiation in seeking support for parenting, child feeding, and nutrition, including their experiences. It highlighted fathers\' diverse information needs and the importance of an inclusive environment and encouragement. Enablers and barriers in accessing support related to parenting and child nutrition were identified at the individual (eg, personal goals and resource constraints), interpersonal (family support and false beliefs about men\'s caregiving role), organizational (inadequate fathering support), and systemic levels (father-inclusive practice and policy). Digital data collection methods enabled Australia-wide participation, overcoming work and capacity barriers. Videoconferencing technology was effectively used to engage fathers creatively. Key principles for engaging fathers were co-designed from the workshop data. Interventions and resources need to be father specific, child centered, and culturally appropriate; promote empowerment and collaboration; and provide actionable and accessible strategies on the what and how of child feeding. Fathers preferred multiformat implementation, which harnesses technology-based design (eg, websites and mobile apps) and gamification. It should be tailored to the child\'s age and targeted at fathers using comprehensive promotion strategies.
CONCLUSIONS: Fathers faced barriers to accessing support and information related to parenting and feeding that may not adequately address their needs. Future interventions could integrate the co-designed principles to engage fathers effectively. These findings have implications for health service delivery and policy development, promoting father-inclusive practice.