全球范围内,甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)是急性病毒性肝炎最常见的病原体之一,尽管存在有效的疫苗,但每年仍导致约140万例病例和90,000例死亡。2019年,联邦state,当地合作伙伴调查了多州爆发的HAV感染,这些感染与来自米却肯州多家供应商的新鲜黑莓有关,墨西哥。在七个州共报告了20名与爆发有关的HAV感染的个体,包括11次住院,也没有死亡。美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)疾病控制和预防中心(CDC),内布拉斯加州州和道格拉斯县卫生部门对16名病人购买的新鲜黑莓进行了追溯调查。这些人报告说,从2019年9月16日至29日,从11个服务点购买了新鲜的黑莓,通过下一代测序和系统发育分析评估的临床分离株在遗传上相似。回溯调查没有发现墨西哥境内普通种植者或包装厂的趋同,但是所有的黑莓都是从米却肯州的种植者那里收获的,墨西哥。FDA在分析了来自四个分销商的新鲜黑莓样本后,没有检测到病原体,一个消费者,以及由于增加了筛查而在入境口岸的9个进口商。挑战包括可追溯性实践中的差距以及无法从样品测试中恢复病原体,这禁止调查人员确定受牵连的黑莓的来源。这次多州爆发说明了食品安全做法对可能导致食源性疾病爆发的新鲜农产品的重要性。
Globally, hepatitis A virus (HAV) is one of the most common agents of acute viral hepatitis and causes approximately 1.4 million cases and 90,000 deaths annually despite the existence of an effective vaccine. In 2019, federal, state, and local partners investigated a multi-state outbreak of HAV infections linked to fresh
blackberries sourced from multiple suppliers in Michoacán, Mexico. A total of 20 individuals with outbreak-related HAV infection were reported in seven states, including 11 hospitalizations, and no deaths. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and Nebraska State and Douglas County Health Departments conducted a traceback investigation for fresh
blackberries reportedly purchased by 16 ill persons. These individuals reported purchasing fresh
blackberries from 11 points of service from September 16 through 29, 2019 and their clinical isolates assessed through next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were genetically similar. The traceback investigation did not reveal convergence on a common grower or packing house within Mexico, but all of the
blackberries were harvested from growers in Michoacán, Mexico. FDA did not detect the pathogen after analyzing fresh blackberry samples from four distributors, one consumer, and from nine importers at the port of entry as a result of increased screening. Challenges included gaps in traceability practices and the inability to recover the pathogen from sample testing, which prohibited investigators from determining the source of the implicated
blackberries. This multi-state outbreak illustrated the importance of food safety practices for fresh produce that may contribute to foodborne illness outbreaks.