精选的野生食用菌(牛肝菌,luridiformis新胎儿,Cantharelluscibarius,Macrolepiotaprocera,鹅膏草,Russulavirescens,PerlatumLycoperdon,和金针菇)以及从波西米亚森林的五个地点收集的有毒药用物种鹅膏菌,捷克共和国,并分析了19种元素的含量(Ag,Al,As,Be,Ca,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Fe,Li,Mg,Mn,Ni,Pb,Rb,Se,Tl,和Zn)在它们的子实体中。元素的含量以及生物富集因子(蘑菇干物质中的元素含量与土壤中的元素含量之比;BCF)显着依赖于物种。总的来说,分析显示Cd的积累最密集,Rb,Ag,Cu,Se,和锌在研究的蘑菇。B.edulis积累的Ag,Se,Cd,Rb,Cu,和Zn的平均BCF分别为31、25、18、13、3.9和2.6。另一方面,A.冬凌草积累的Cd,Rb,Ag,Cu,Zn,和As(BCF为41、27、4.8、3.3、2.1和1.4)。有关食用蘑菇子果皮中有害元素的数据表明,如果偶尔食用或作为美味食用真菌,对人类健康没有负面影响。
Selected wild-growing edible fungi (Boletus edulis, Neoboletus luridiformis, Cantharellus cibarius, Macrolepiota procera, Amanita rubescens, Russula virescens, Lycoperdon perlatum, and Flammulina velutipes) along with the poisonous medicinal species Amanita muscaria were collected from five sites in the Bohemian Forest, the Czech Republic and analyzed regarding the contents of 19 elements (Ag, Al, As, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Rb, Se, Tl, and Zn) in their fruiting bodies. The contents of the elements as well as bioconcentration factors (ratios of the element content in dry matter of the mushroom to the content in the soil; BCF) were significantly species dependent. In general, the analysis revealed the most intensive accumulation of Cd, Rb, Ag, Cu, Se, and Zn in the studied mushrooms. B. edulis accumulated Ag, Se, Cd, Rb, Cu, and Zn with average BCF of 31, 25, 18, 13, 3.9, and 2.6, respectively. On the other hand, A. rubescens accumulated Cd, Rb, Ag, Cu, Zn, and As (BCF of 41, 27, 4.8, 3.3, 2.1, and 1.4). The data concerning the detrimental elements in sporocarps of edible mushrooms indicate no negative effect on human health if the fungi are consumed occasionally or as a delicacy.