PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The aim of this study was to assess the level of contamination of the common dandelion-Taraxacum officinale-with selected metals (Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) and to demonstrate that this plant can be used in passive biomonitoring of industrial sites. Two sample transects (the first was near a forest, an area potentially uncontaminated by analytes [A], while the second ran near a steel mill, a contaminated area [B]), each about 1.5 km long, located in Ozimek, Opole Province, Poland, were used in this study. Metals in plant and soil samples were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Based on the analysis of the obtained results to determine the concentration of metals, plants at site A were more contaminated with Mn (240 mg/kg d.m.) and those at site B with Fe (635 mg/kg d.m.). Mean Pb values (8.39 mg/kg d.m.) were higher at the industrial site (B) and statistically significant at the forest site (A), together with Mn and Fe at the p < 0.001 level. The BCF values for T. officinale showed that Cu (0.473) and Zn (0.785) accumulated to an average degree on both transects. This shows that dandelion is heavily loaded with these metals. Both dandelion and soil samples showed the highest concentrations of Mn, Fe, and Zn, especially in the polluted area B, which is the result of pollution not only from the smelter (dust from electric arc furnaces in steel smelting, extraction installations in production halls transmitting pollutants into the air from molding sand, or waste from molding and core masses dumped on the heap and blown by the wind from the landfill) but also from the high anthropopressure caused by human activity-for example, heating processes or road transport. Our results confirmed that Taraxacum officinale can be successfully used as a herbal plant in passive biomonitoring to assess the quality of the environment, but it must be collected from uncontaminated areas if we want to use it like a medicinal plant.
摘要：
这项研究的目的是评估某些金属对普通蒲公英-蒲公英的污染水平（Mn，Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd,和Pb），并证明该植物可用于工业场所的被动生物监测。两个样本剖面(第一个在森林附近，可能未被分析物污染的区域[A]，当第二个跑到钢铁厂附近时，受污染的区域[B])，每个长约1.5公里，位于Ozimek,奥波莱省,波兰,在这项研究中使用。通过原子吸收光谱法（AAS）测定植物和土壤样品中的金属。根据对所得结果的分析，确定金属的浓度，地点A的植物受到锰（240mg/kgd.m.）的污染更严重，地点B的植物受到铁（635mg/kgd.m.）的污染更严重。工业地点（B）的平均Pb值（8.39mg/kgd.m.）较高，在森林地点（A）具有统计学意义，以及p<0.001水平的Mn和Fe。铁杉的BCF值表明，铜（0.473）和锌（0.785）在两个样片上的平均积累程度。这表明蒲公英富含这些金属。蒲公英和土壤样品都显示出最高的Mn浓度，Fe,Zn,特别是在污染区B,这不仅是来自冶炼厂的污染（钢铁冶炼中电弧炉的粉尘，生产车间的提取装置将污染物从型砂传输到空气中，或来自成型和核心物质的废物倾倒在堆上并被垃圾填埋场的风吹走），也来自人类活动引起的高人为压力-例如，加热过程或公路运输。我们的结果证实，蒲公英可以成功地用作被动生物监测的草药植物，以评估环境质量，但是如果我们想像药用植物一样使用它，它必须从未污染的地区收集。
