目的:本体外实验的主要目的是评估增殖能力,代谢活动,以及暴露于香烟烟雾(CS)的人牙周膜细胞(hPDL)的潜在细胞损害,电子烟蒸汽(eCV),和加热的烟草产品气溶胶(HTP),或空气(控制)。
方法:使用CAD/CAM设计的展览室,hPDL暴露于CS,eCV,HTP,或基于加拿大卫生部强烈吸烟制度的空气(控制)。细胞增殖,代谢活动,和细胞损伤在不同的时间点进行评估。
结果:与对照组相比,暴露于CS的hPDL在所有时间点表现出显著减少的细胞数量。HTP暴露导致暴露后48小时和72小时细胞数量减少,而暴露于eCV的细胞无明显减少。eCV处理的hPDL的代谢活性在7小时略有降低,但在24小时和48小时恢复。CS处理的细胞在24小时和48小时表现出显著降低的代谢活性,和HTP暴露的细胞在48小时后显示显着减少。流式细胞术显示CS暴露后凋亡和坏死细胞死亡,坏死细胞死亡更为明显。
结论:与CS相比,eCV和HTP对hPDL的不利影响相对降低。
结论:研究结果表明,传统香烟烟雾会显著损害细胞增殖和代谢活性,从而对牙周健康构成重大风险。然而,eCV和HTP等替代品可能会提供相对较低的风险。
OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this in vitro experiment was an assessment of proliferative capacity, metabolic activity, and potential cellular detriment of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDL) exposed to cigarette smoke (CS), electronic cigarette vapor (eCV), and heated tobacco product aerosol (HTP), or air (control).
METHODS: Using a CAD/CAM-designed exposition chamber, hPDL were exposed to CS, eCV, HTP, or air (control) based on the Health Canada Intense Smoking Regime. Cell proliferation, metabolic activity, and cellular detriment were assessed at various time points.
RESULTS: Compared to the control, hPDL exposed to CS exhibited significantly decreased cell numbers at all time points. HTP exposure led to reduced cell numbers 48 h and 72 h post-exposure, while eCV-exposed cells showed no significant decrease. The metabolic activity of eCV-treated hPDL was slightly reduced at 7 h but recovered at 24 h and 48 h. In contrast, CS-treated cells exhibited significantly decreased metabolic activity at 24 h and 48 h, and HTP-exposed cells showed a significant decrease after 48 h. Flow cytometry indicated both apoptotic and necrotic cell death following CS exposure, with necrotic cell death being more pronounced.
CONCLUSIONS: eCV and HTP demonstrated comparatively reduced detrimental effects on hPDL compared to CS.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that conventional cigarette smoke poses a substantial risk to periodontal health by significantly impairing cell proliferation and metabolic activity. However, alternatives such as eCV and HTP may offer a comparatively reduced risk.