一种人畜共患传染病是布鲁氏菌病。引起布鲁氏菌病的细菌属于布鲁氏菌属。许多动物和人类物种受到布鲁氏菌病的影响,据估计,全世界每年有50万例人类病例记录。新的感染区域的出现和已经感染区域的感染死灰复燃表明布鲁氏菌病在不同地理区域的分布动态。细菌起源于血液,在网状内皮系统中发现,肝脏,脾脏,和许多其他地方,包括关节,肾脏,心,和生殖道。这种疾病的诊断可以通过细菌分离来完成,分子测试,改良耐酸染色剂,玫瑰孟加拉试验(RBT),牛奶环测试,补体固定试验,酶联免疫吸附测定,和血清凝集试验.流产布鲁氏菌感染的主要症状是不孕症,这可能导致流产和虚弱胎儿的出生,从而可能继续感染其他动物。在人类中,主要症状是急性高热病,有或没有定位标志,和慢性感染。母牛感染布鲁氏菌病的风险更大。感染布鲁氏菌病的高危人群包括那些照顾牛的人,兽医,屠宰场员工,还有屠夫.由于布鲁氏菌的细胞内存活及其在巨噬细胞中的适应性,布鲁氏菌病的抗生素治疗通常不成功。“一个健康”策略对于控制布鲁氏菌病等疾病是必要的。
One zoonotic infectious animal disease is brucellosis. The bacteria that cause brucellosis belong to the genus Brucella. Numerous animal and human species are affected by brucellosis, with an estimated 500,000 human cases recorded annually worldwide. The occurrence of new areas of infection and the resurgence of infection in already infected areas indicate how dynamically brucellosis is distributed throughout different geographic regions. Bacteria originate from the blood and are found in the reticuloendothelial system, the liver, the spleen, and numerous other locations, including the joints, kidneys, heart, and genital tract. Diagnosis of this disease can be done by bacterial isolation, molecular tests, modified acid-fast stain, rose bengal test (RBT), milk ring test, complement fixation test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and serum agglutination test. The primary sign of a Brucella abortus infection is infertility, which can result in abortion and the birth of a frail fetus that may go on to infect other animals. In humans, the main symptoms are acute febrile illness, with or without localization signs, and chronic infection. Female cattle have a greater risk of contracting Brucella disease. Human populations at high risk of contracting brucellosis include those who care for cattle, veterinarians, slaughterhouse employees, and butchers. Antibiotic treatment of brucellosis is often unsuccessful due to the intracellular survival of Brucella and its adaptability in macrophages. A \"one health\" strategy is necessary to control illnesses like brucellosis.