背景:多环芳烃(PAHs)和金属与肺功能下降有关,但共同暴露的影响和潜在的机制仍然未知。
方法:在2011-2012年全国健康和营养检查调查的1,123名成年人中,有10种尿中的PAHs,11种尿中金属,和外周血白细胞(WBC)计数测定,并测定5项肺功能指标。最小绝对收缩和选择运算符,贝叶斯核机回归,和基于分位数的g计算用于评估共同暴露对肺功能的影响。采用中介分析法探讨白细胞的中介作用。
结果:这些模型证明PAHs和金属与肺功能损害显著相关。贝叶斯核机回归模型表明,与所有固定在中位数水平的化学品相比,1s用力呼气量(FEV1)/用力肺活量,呼气流量峰值,25%至75%的用力呼气流量减少了1.31%(95%CI:0.72%,1.91%),231.62(43.45,419.78)mL/s,和131.64(37.54,225.74)mL/s,当所有化学物质都在第75百分位数。在基于分位数的g计算中,混合物的每四分位数增加与104.35(95%CI:40.67,168.02)mL有关,1.16%(2.11%,22.40%),294.90(78.37,511.43)mL/s,FEV1、FEV1/强制肺活量下降168.44(41.66,295.22)mL/s,呼气流量峰值,用力呼气流量在25%到75%之间,分别。2-羟基菲,3-羟基芴,和镉是上述协会的主要贡献者。WBC介导的PAHs与肺功能之间的相关性为8.22%-23.90%。
结论:多环芳烃和金属的共同暴露会损害肺功能,WBC可以部分调解这种关系。我们的发现阐明了环境混合物对呼吸健康的共同暴露影响和潜在机制,这表明,专注于高度优先的毒物将有效减轻不良反应。
BACKGROUND: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals were associated with decreased lung function, but co-exposure effects and underlying mechanism remained unknown.
METHODS: Among 1,123 adults from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2012, 10 urinary PAHs, 11 urinary metals, and peripheral white blood cell (WBC) count were determined, and 5 lung function indices were measured. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, Bayesian kernel machine regression, and quantile-based g-computation were used to estimate co-exposure effects on lung function. Mediation analysis was used to explore mediating role of WBC.
RESULTS: These models demonstrated that PAHs and metals were significantly associated with lung function impairment. Bayesian kernel machine regression models showed that comparing to all chemicals fixed at median level, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, and forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% decreased by 1.31% (95% CI: 0.72%, 1.91%), 231.62 (43.45, 419.78) mL/s, and 131.64 (37.54, 225.74) mL/s respectively, when all chemicals were at 75th percentile. In the quantile-based g-computation, each quartile increase in mixture was associated with 104.35 (95% CI: 40.67, 168.02) mL, 1.16% (2.11%, 22.40%), 294.90 (78.37, 511.43) mL/s, 168.44 (41.66, 295.22) mL/s decrease in the FEV1, FEV1/forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75%, respectively. 2-Hydroxyphenanthrene, 3-Hydroxyfluorene, and cadmium were leading contributors to the above associations. WBC mediated 8.22%-23.90% of association between PAHs and lung function.
CONCLUSIONS: Co-exposure of PAHs and metals impairs lung function, and WBC could partially mediate this relationship. Our findings elucidate co-exposure effects of environmental mixtures on respiratory health and underlying mechanisms, suggesting that focusing on highly prioritized toxicants would effectively attenuate adverse effects.