背景:尼日利亚的牧民混合藤黄种子(GK),Khayasenegalensis茎皮(KS),和扁桃虫叶(VA)治疗钩端螺旋体病。
目的:确定单一和联合治疗对感染问号钩端螺旋体小鼠的体外和体内效果。
方法:对提取物的抗钩端螺旋体运动性的体外测定进行一式三份的评价。对于体内评估,将40只接种钩端螺旋体的成年雄性小鼠随机分为8组,每组5只小鼠。IV-IX组用800mg/kgb.w.KS治疗,GK,VA,KS+GK,KS+VA,GK+VA持续5天。第一组为阴性对照,II是模型控制,和III用青霉素(3.7mg/kgb.w.)肌内治疗。
结果:体外,90分钟,在800、400和200mg/ml的所有提取物显示完全停止运动性,当与阴性对照相比时,运动性显著(p<0.05)不同。当与KS(0.40mg/ml)相比时,用GK记录到0.18mg/ml的显著(p<0.05)IC50,VA(0.25mg/ml),和普鲁卡因青霉素(0.31mg/ml)。平均细胞体积,血红蛋白浓度,在所有感染组中,平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度显着降低(p<0.05),并恢复到几乎感染前的值。然而,在II组中观察到显著的白细胞增多(p<0.05)。AST和ALP显示显著增加(p<0.001)。组织病理学评估显示提取物可以防止所选器官的正常结构的扭曲。
结论:这项研究证明了藤黄,KhayaSenegalensis,和杏仁虫提取物单独和组合对抗钩端螺旋体病。
BACKGROUND: Pastoralists in Nigeria mix Garcinia kola seed (GK), Khaya senegalensis stem bark (KS), and Vernonia amygdalina leaves (VA) to treat leptospirosis.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the in vitro and in vivo effect on single and combination therapy on Leptospira interrogans-infected mice.
METHODS: Evaluation of in vitro assay for anti-leptospiral motility of the extracts was carried out in triplicates. For the in vivo assessment, 40 adult male mice inoculated with Leptospira were randomly allocated into 8 groups of 5 mice each. Groups IV-IX were treated with 800 mg/kg b.w. of KS, GK, VA, KS + GK, KS + VA, GK + VA for 5 days. Group I was negative control, II was model control, and III was treated with penicillin (3.7 mg/kg b.w.) intramuscularly.
RESULTS: In vitro, at 90 min, all the extracts at 800, 400, and 200 mg/ml showed complete cessation of motility which was significantly (p < 0.05) different when compared to the negative control. A significant (p < 0.05) IC50 of 0.18 mg/ml was recorded with GK when compared to KS (0.40 mg/ml), VA (0.25 mg/ml), and procaine penicillin (0.31 mg/ml). Mean packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in all infected groups and returned to almost pre-infection values. However, significant leucocytosis (p < 0.05) was observed in group II. AST and ALP showed a significant increase (p < 0.001). Histopathological evaluation showed the extracts to prevent the distortion of normal architecture of the selected organs.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the significant potential of Garcinia kola, Khaya senegalensis, and Vernonia amygdalina extracts singly and in combination to combat leptospirosis.