亚细胞金属分布评估是评估金属毒性的最充分的生物监测方法。本研究旨在评估亚细胞金属分布和与主要金属暴露生物标志物的关联,金属硫蛋白(MT),在工业中发现的两种凤梨属物种(Tillandsiausneoides和Tillandsiastricta)中,城市,里约热内卢大都市区的港口区,巴西东南部,通过积极的生物监测方法进行了一年。三个亚细胞级分中的金属和准金属(不溶,通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)确定从MT纯化过程中获得的不耐热和热稳定)。在干采样期间均观察到较低的MT浓度,与crassulacean酸代谢(CAM)和COVID-19大流行期间有关,由于城市流动性下降,减少污染物排放。在两个物种的整个采样期间,在不溶性部分中检测到的非生物可利用金属的百分比都在增加。几种金属(Cr,Co,Cu,Cd,Mn,Ni,Se,和锌),与车辆排放最相关,城市中心的主要污染源,在热稳定部分中检测到,因此,通过MT-金属解毒途径与MT相关。T.stricta中不溶性金属浓度较高,表明该物种似乎不太容易受到细胞金属暴露的损害。检测到Se和Fe对Pb的潜在保护作用,由强负相关暗示,这可能归因于抗氧化剂的作用和类似的摄取途径,分别。
Subcellular metal distribution assessments are the most adequate biomonitoring approach to evaluate metal toxicity, instead of total metal assessments This study aimed to assess subcellular metal distributions and associations to the main metal exposure biomarker, metallothionein (MT), in two bromeliad species (Tillandsia usneoides and Tillandsia stricta) exposed established in industrial, urban, and port areas in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil, through an active biomonitoring approach conducted one year. Metals and metalloids in three subcellular fractions (insoluble, thermolabile and thermostable) obtained from the MT purification process were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Lower MT concentrations were observed both during the dry sampling periods, associated to the crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) and during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to reduced urban mobility, decreasing pollutant emissions. The percentage of non-bioavailable metals detected in the insoluble fraction increased throughout the sampling period for both species. Several metals (Cr, Co, Cu, Cd, Mn, Ni, Se, and Zn), most associated with vehicle emissions, the main pollutant source in urban centers, were detected in the thermostable fraction and are, thus, associated with MT through the MT-metal detoxification route. Insoluble metal concentrations were higher in T. stricta, indicating that this species seems less susceptible to cellular metal exposure damage. A potential protective effect of Se and Fe was detected against Pb, suggested by a strong negative correlation, which may be attributed to antioxidant roles and similar uptake routes, respectively.