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Objectives: Thyroid carcinoma with cutaneous metastases is a rare clinical finding. Cutaneous metastases from thyroid carcinoma have been associated with a poor prognosis, but these data are limited to case reports. The exact mechanism of cutaneous metastases from thyroid carcinoma is not clear. Our study aims to report the demographic, clinical, and histologic findings of patients with cutaneous metastases from thyroid carcinoma. Methods: A review was conducted using the Medline/PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases to review literature from inception to May 2023. Data extracted included patient age at diagnosis of cutaneous metastases, patient sex, thyroid carcinoma histotype, location of metastases, the time interval between diagnoses of thyroid carcinoma and cutaneous metastases, and overall survival (OS) from the time of cutaneous metastases. Results: One hundred thirty-six patients were identified and 75 were female. The most common types of thyroid carcinoma with cutaneous metastases were papillary (47.79%), followed by follicular (30.15%), and medullary (11.03%). In addition, 11 cases of anaplastic carcinoma, 2 cases of oncocytic carcinoma, and 2 cases of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma were reported. The average age at diagnosis of cutaneous metastases was 63.13 years, and the average time interval between the diagnoses of primary thyroid carcinoma and cutaneous metastases was 48.27 months. The most common location of metastases was the scalp (n = 48). Other common locations included the neck, chest, and face. The OS after diagnosis of metastases was only available in 34 patients with an average of 13.07 months. Of these 34 cases, 10 were medullary, 10 were papillary, 9 were anaplastic, and 5 had follicular carcinoma. Conclusions: This study represents an up-to-date review of the cases of thyroid carcinoma with cutaneous metastases. While cutaneous metastasis remains a rare finding, one needs a high index of suspicion, and their presence portends a poor prognosis.

Cutaneous metastases of ovarian cancer are rare and often have poor prognosis. We report a case of a 62-year-old woman with recurrent low-grade serous ovarian cancer, who presented with lung, brain, and multiple skin (nasal and anterior chest wall) metastases approximately six months after the initial diagnosis. In this case, Nijmegen breakage syndrome carrier status caused by RAD50 heterozygous mutation and previous bevacizumab therapy could be the predisposing factor for cutaneous metastases. The patient was treated with local radiotherapy (nasal skin and brain, 30Gy/6f/1.2W) and three courses of chemotherapy with albumin-bound paclitaxel and carboplatin, resulting in drastic remission of the cutaneous metastases. Unfortunately, treatment interruption resulted in rapid tumor progression, followed by death. This case represents an interesting example of cutaneous metastasis of ovarian cancer with rare clinical manifestations, unique genetic mutations, and reasonable response to treatment. Chemoradiotherapy might be an appropriate option for cutaneous metastases of ovarian cancer. Nevertheless, we still hope to find out the best treatment strategy after collecting and reviewing more cases in the future.

Cutaneous metastatic disease from bladder urothelial carcinoma is a rare but serious complication of advanced bladder cancer. It occurs when malignant cells from the primary bladder tumor spread to the skin. The most common sites for cutaneous metastases from bladder cancer are the abdomen, chest, and pelvis. We report a case of a 69-year-old patient who was diagnosed with infiltrative urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (pT2) and underwent a radical cystoprostatectomy. After one year, the patient developed two ulcerative-bourgeous lesions, which were later identified as cutaneous metastases from bladder urothelial carcinoma through histological examination. Unfortunately, the patient passed away a few weeks later.

Clown nose-like lesion can be the manifestation of inflammatory, infectious or neoplasm-related diseases, and some genetic syndromes. Lung carcinoma metastasize rarely to the skin. To our knowledge, 16 cases of lung cancer metastasis with clown nose-like lesions have been reported. Here, we describe a new case.
UNASSIGNED: Cutaneous metastases of small-cell-lung carcinoma are rare, and nose involvement is much rarer. However, it can be the first warning sign of lung cancer. We describe the case of a patient who presented with a red nodule of the nasal tip reminding a clown-nose.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of renal neoplasm. It accounts for 3% of solid tumors in adults and mostly affects men with the peak incidence between the fifth and seventh decades. It metastasizes mainly through the hematogenous spread, and the lung is the most common site of metastasis followed by bone, lymph node, liver, brain, and adrenal glands. Skin metastasis is extremely rare and accounts for <7% of RCC metastases, with the scalp and face being the most reported sites. Skin metastases are usually diagnosed at a later stage of the disease, commonly post-nephrectomy, and are regarded as a poor prognostic factor. Here we report a case of a 54-year-old male who presented with a red, pedunculated, bleeding, and nontender scalp lesion (2x2cm in size) found on the right parietal area. with a history of left radical nephrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy for clear cell RCC 17 years ago, as well as laminectomy and radiotherapy for bone metastases in C5 and C6 in 2015. After surgical excision of the scalp lesion, histology revealed metastatic clear cell RCC. The patient was doing well post-surgical excision and was referred back to oncology where palliative care and supportive treatment were initiated. In the span of five months post-resection, he developed several conditions where his health further deteriorated. He was announced dead in September 2022 due to cardiac arrest. This case highlights the occurrence of scalp metastases long after the surgical resection of RCC.

The main treatment of MM metastases are systemic therapies, surgery, limb perfusion, and intralesional talimogene laherparepvec. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is potentially useful also due to the high response rates recorded in cancers of any histology. No randomized studies comparing ECT with other local therapies have been published on this topic. We analyzed the available evidence on efficacy and toxicity of ECT in this setting. PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were screened for paper about ECT on MM skin metastases. Data about tumor response, mainly in terms of overall response rate (ORR), toxicity (both for ECT alone and in combination with systemic treatments), local control (LC), and overall survival (OS) were collected. The methodological quality was assessed using a 20-item validated quality appraisal tool for case series. Overall, 18 studies were included in our analysis. In studies reporting \"per patient\" tumor response the pooled complete response (CR) was 35.7% (95%CI 26.0-46.0%), and the pooled ORR was 80.6% (95%CI 68.7-90.1%). Regarding \"per lesion\" response, the pooled CR was 53.5% (95%CI 42.1-64.7%) and the pooled ORR was 77.0% (95%CI 56.0-92.6%). One-year LC rate was 80%, and 1-year OS was 67-86.2%. Pain (24.2-92.0%) and erythema (16.6-42.0%) were the most frequent toxicities. Two studies reported 29.2% and 41.6% incidence of necrosis. ECT is effective in terms of tumor response and tolerated in patients with skin metastases from MM, albeit with a wide variability of reported results. Therefore, prospective trials in this setting are warranted.

According to the literature, skin metastases affect 0.7%-10.4% of patients with malignant neoplasms of internal organs and may be 1 presentation of systemic spread of the cancer. Skin metastases may be the first sign of relapse after treatment and about 30% of cases of skin metastases are diagnosed before the diagnosis of internal organ cancer. Cutaneous metastases most often come from breast cancer and melanoma. They can present synchronous or metachronous. Adequate vigilance, combined with knowledge of the clinical picture and epidemiology, can contribute to accurate diagnosis and treatment. Clinically, skin metastases occur in the form of atypical solitary, painless nodules, or tumors. Lumps or infiltrating foci do not show clinical features that help in making a diagnosis. Skin changes are more accessible during physical examination, and it is easier to do a biopsy and provide histological assessment. Dermoscopy, a useful initial tool for the assessment of skin metastases, can lead to a rapid accurate diagnosis and treatment. Ultimately, the diagnosis of a metastatic malignancy is confirmed by histopathological examination.

BACKGROUND: Our patient presents with a novel presentation of a fungated ulcerated skin lesion as the initial presentation of lung cancer. The literature describes skin metastases from lung cancer as nodular, papular, and zosteriform. Our case is a fungating ulcerated skin lesion which is not widely reported in literature. There is a still a need for more data on the clinical presentation and prognosis of such cases as it will elucidate the diagnostic challenges and treatment management.
METHODS: We present a case of a 55 year old Caucasian male with a 60-pack-year smoking history initially presenting with a nodule on his right upper back that quickly fungated and ulcerated requiring surgical excision. Biopsy of both the skin lesion and the lung mass confirmed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and the lung mass being the primary tumor. The patient\'s clinical and functional status severely declined during his hospital stay and was later discharged to hospice without therapeutic intervention. He later expired a month after hospice stay.
CONCLUSIONS: Although uncommon, this case clearly illustrates that skin metastases can be the initial finding of primary lung cancer and that not all patients with lung cancer will present with bronchopulmonary symptoms. It also illustrates that a fungating ulcerated lesion can be the initial presentation of lung cancer in addition to nodular, papular, and zosteriform presentations noted in the literature.

Peritoneal tumors are very uncommon and among them, primary peritoneal clear cell carcinoma is extremely rare and often misdiagnosed as others subtypes. There are only 13 cases of primary peritoneal clear cell carcinoma previously reported in the literature and there are no reports about cutaneous metastasis in this setting and only brain metastases were described to be associated with other primary peritoneal carcinoma subtypes. More information about this topic is needed and so we are presenting a new case of primary peritoneal clear cell carcinoma with cutaneous and cerebral metastases in a 34-year-old female.