这项研究是为了研究不吃早餐(BKS)的频率,相关因素,Covid-19大流行期间的健康后果和本科生学业成绩是最早关注这一领域的研究。对2225名本科生进行了横断面研究。这项研究是在2020年15月1日至2020年3月4日之间进行的,使用在线自我报告早餐饮食习惯调查(BEHS)。BEHS调查分为两个部分。第一部分包括社会人口统计信息(性别,BMI,年龄,吸烟,residence,父母教育,家庭收入,学习系统和阶段(公共或私人),和学习机构(大学或研究所)的学习成绩。第二部分包括有关早餐饮食习惯的问题,包括不吃饭的频率,与BKS健康后果和零食类型相关的因素。逻辑回归是用于对落入1和0范围内的结果进行建模的常用技术。为此,我们进行了逻辑回归,以找出调整后的比值比和粗比值比.结果显示,大多数参与者是女性(1238人,55.7%)。在2,224名学生中,2059的年龄在18至24岁之间。大多数参与者来自第一级(26.5%),第二级(32.8%),第三级(17.6%)或第四级(21.3%)。超过92%的参与者是单身,约68%来自中等收入家庭。统计分析表明,住在住宿的学生中,BKS的几率降低了54%(优势比=54%,CI(41-71%),p值=0.000)。看来,低收入和正常或更高BMI的学生更有可能更经常地不吃早餐。BMI为18-24.9的学生不吃早餐的几率降低了41%(赔率=59%,CI(27%-93%),p值=0.027),并且BMI为25-29.9的学生的BKS几率降低了45%(赔率比=55%,CI(31-95%)。此外,与低收入学生相比,中等或高收入学生更有可能不吃早餐两倍(中等收入(赔率=1.85,CI(1.08-3.17)),p值=0.024),高收入(赔率比=1.98,CI(1.12-3.51),p值=0.019)。包括不吃早餐的最常见原因包括时间限制,不饿,早餐还没准备好,害怕超重和缺乏食欲。不吃早餐的后果是一整天都感到饥饿,感到疲倦,上课不注意,学习成绩低。最后,Covid-19期间的BKS在BMI较高的学生中更常见,更高的收入和住宿。主要原因是时间限制,最常见的健康问题是疲劳和注意力的运气。
The study was conducted in order to study breakfast skipping (BKS) frequency, factors associated with, health consequence and undergraduate students academic performance during Covid-19 pandemic as earliest studies focusing on this area. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 2225 of undergraduate students. The study was carried between the period of 15/1/2020 to 3/4/2020 using an online self-report Breakfast Eating Habit Survey (BEHS). The BEHS survey was divided into two sections. The first sections included sociodemographic information (gender, BMI, age, smoking, residency, parental education, family income, studying system and stage (public or private), and studying institution (university or institute) academic performance. The second part included questions regarding breakfast eating habits including frequency of skipping meals, factors related to BKS health consequences and types of snacks. Logistic regression is a common technique used for modeling outcomes that fall into the range of 1 and 0. For this purpose, a logistic regression was performed to find adjusted odds ratio and crude odds ratio. The results showed that the majority of participants were female (1238, 55.7%). Out of 2,224 students, 2059 are aged between 18 to 24 years. Most of the participants were from first level (26.5%), second level (32.8%), third level (17.6%) or the fourth level (21.3%). Over 92% of participants were single and about 68% came from families of medium income families. The statistical analysis showed that the odds of BKS is reduced among students who live in accommodation by 54% (odds ratio = 54%, CI (41-71%), p value = 0.000). It seems that students with low income and normal or higher BMI are more likely to skip breakfast more regularly. The odds of skipping breakfast among students with BMI of 18-24.9 is reduced by 41% (odds ratio = 59%, CI (27%-93%), p value = 0.027) and the odds of BKS is reduced among students with BMI of 25-29.9 by 45% (odds ratio = 55%, CI (31-95%). Additionally, students with medium or high incomes are more likely to skip breakfast as much as twofold in comparison with students with low income (medium income (odds ratio = 1.85, CI (1.08-3.17), p-value = 0.024), high income (odds ratio = 1.98, CI (1.12-3.51), p-value = 0.019). The most common reasons for skipping breakfast included include time constraint, not hungry, breakfast is not ready, afraid to be overweight and lack of appetite. The consequences of skipping breakfast were feeling hungry throughout the day, feeling tired, and not paying attention in class and low academic performance. To concluded, BKS during Covid-19 is more common among students with higher BMI, higher income and living in accommodation. The main reason is time constraint and the most common health problems are being tired and luck of attention.