背景:异常的奖励敏感性是精神疾病的危险因素,包括饮食失调,如暴饮暴食症,但是它背后的大脑结构机制还没有完全理解。这里,我们试图研究非人类灵长类动物的多模态全脑结构特征与奖赏敏感性之间的关系.
方法:通过行为经济学分析评估了奖励敏感性,其中猴子(成年恒河猴,5名男性;7名女性)对甜炼乳做出了回应(10,30,56%),佳得乐,或使用操作过程,其中响应需求在会话中递增(即,固定比率1,3,10等。).基于30%奶的基本值,将受试者分为高(N=6)或低(N=6)奖励敏感性组。多模态磁共振成像用于测量灰质体积和白质微结构。比较了各组之间的大脑结构特征,并研究了它们与各种刺激的奖励敏感性的相关性。
结果:高敏组受试者的背外侧前额叶皮质(dlPFC)更大,中央杏仁核复合体(CeMA),和中扣带皮质(MCC)体积与低敏感性组的受试者相比。Further,高灵敏度猴子在将CeMA和MCC连接到dlPFC的左背扣带束中具有较低的各向异性分数,左上纵束1将MCC连接到dlPFC,与低敏感性组的猴子相比。
结论:这些结果表明前额叶-边缘回路的神经解剖学变异与奖赏敏感性相关。这些大脑结构特征可以作为对食物和其他奖励相关疾病的脆弱性的预测性生物标志物。
BACKGROUND: Abnormal reward sensitivity is a risk factor for psychiatric disorders, including eating disorders such as overeating and binge-eating disorder, but the brain structural mechanisms that underlie it are not completely understood. Here, we sought to investigate the relationship between multimodal whole-brain structural features and reward sensitivity in nonhuman primates.
METHODS: Reward sensitivity was evaluated through behavioral economic analysis in which monkeys (adult rhesus macaques; 7 female, 5 male) responded for sweetened condensed milk (10%, 30%, 56%), Gatorade, or water using an operant procedure in which the response requirement increased incrementally across sessions (i.e., fixed ratio 1, 3, 10). Animals were divided into high (n = 6) or low (n = 6) reward sensitivity groups based on essential value for 30% milk. Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure gray matter volume and white matter microstructure. Brain structural features were compared between groups, and their correlations with reward sensitivity for various stimuli was investigated.
RESULTS: Animals in the high sensitivity group had greater dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, centromedial amygdaloid complex, and middle cingulate cortex volumes than animals in the low sensitivity group. Furthermore, compared with monkeys in the low sensitivity group, high sensitivity monkeys had lower fractional anisotropy in the left dorsal cingulate bundle connecting the centromedial amygdaloid complex and middle cingulate cortex to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus 1 connecting the middle cingulate cortex to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that neuroanatomical variation in prefrontal-limbic circuitry is associated with reward sensitivity. These brain structural features may serve as predictive biomarkers for vulnerability to food-based and other reward-related disorders.