背景:通过了解睡眠磨牙症(SB)患者原发性打鼾(PS)和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)的相关因素,牙医可能有助于筛查和早期识别患有PS或OSA的SB患者。
目的:从SB患者的问卷调查数据中确定PS和OSA的相关因素。
方法:回顾性纳入968例自我报告的SB患者(男性占31.6%,中位年龄44.5岁)。自我报告的睡眠相关呼吸状态(即,没有睡眠相关的呼吸状况,PS和OSA)是因变量。独立变量是基于问卷调查的人口统计数据,生活方式,心理状态,疼痛和睡眠
结果:对于PS,分析中未发现有统计学意义的相关因素.对于OSA,年龄增加(OR=1.04[1.03-1.06]),男性(OR=3.33[2.17-5.00]),每日饮酒量(OR=1.96[1.18-3.33]),抑郁(OR=1.10[1.06-1.14]),日间嗜睡(OR=2.94[1.85-4.76])和胃食管反流病的高风险(GERD;OR=2.63[1.52-4.76])被发现是显著的危险因素,而颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)疼痛(OR=0.51[0.30-0.86])和慢性疼痛(OR=0.73[0.59-0.90])的高风险是显著的保护因素。这些结果在随后的网络分析中得到证实。
结论:在本研究的局限性内,没有发现PS的相关因素。对于OSA,牙医应该记住,年龄增长,男性,每日饮酒,抑郁症,白天嗜睡和高GERD风险与SB患者OSA风险增加相关,而高TMD疼痛风险和慢性疼痛与该人群OSA风险降低相关.
BACKGROUND: By being aware of the associated factors of primary snoring (PS) and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in sleep bruxism (SB) patients, dentists may contribute to the screening and early recognition of SB patients with PS or OSA.
OBJECTIVE: To identify the associated factors of PS and OSA from questionnaire-based data in SB patients.
METHODS: A total of 968 self-reported SB patients (31.6% men; median age 44.5 years) were retrospectively enrolled. Self-reported sleep-related breathing status (viz., no sleep-related breathing condition, PS and OSA) was the dependent variable. Independent variables were questionnaire-based data on demographics, lifestyle, psychological status, pain and sleep.
RESULTS: For PS, no statistically significant associated factor was identified in analyses. For OSA, increased age (OR = 1.04 [1.03-1.06]), male gender (OR = 3.33 [2.17-5.00]), daily alcohol consumption (OR = 1.96 [1.18-3.33]), depression (OR = 1.10 [1.06-1.14]), daytime sleepiness (OR = 2.94 [1.85-4.76]) and high risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD; OR = 2.63 [1.52-4.76]) were found to be significant risk factors, while high risk of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain (OR = 0.51 [0.30-0.86]) and chronic pain (OR = 0.73 [0.59-0.90]) were significant protective factors. These results were confirmed in the subsequent network analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, no associated factor is identified for PS. For OSA, dentists should keep in mind that increased age, male gender, daily alcohol consumption, depression, daytime sleepiness and high GERD risk are associated with increased OSA risk in SB patients, while high TMD-pain risk and chronic pain are associated with decreased OSA risk in this population.