背景:尽管先天性门体分流术(CPSS)越来越被认可,最佳治疗策略和自然预后仍不清楚,因为单个CPSS显示不同的表型。
方法:收集2000年至2019年在日本15家参与医院诊断为CPSS的122例患者的病历,并根据影像学上的门静脉(PV)可视化状态进行回顾性分析。
结果:在122例患者中,75(61.5%)在成像上显示PV。诊断时的中位年龄为5个月。与CPSS相关的主要并发症为高氨血症(85.2%),肝脏肿块(25.4%),肝肺分流术(13.9%),肺动脉高压(11.5%)。无PV可视化患者的并发症发生率明显高于有PV可视化患者(P<0.001)。总的来说,91例患者(74.6%)接受治疗,包括通过手术或介入放射学的分流闭合术(n=82)和肝移植(LT)或肝切除术(n=9)。在过去的20年里,接受LT的患者数量有所减少.虽然大多数患者症状改善或进展减少,分流关闭后肝脏肿块和肺动脉高压改善的可能性较小.与分流闭合相关的并发症更可能发生在没有PV可视化的患者中(P=0.001)。25例患者(20.5%)未经治疗,未进行PV可视化的患者比进行PV可视化的患者更有可能发生与CPSS相关的并发症(P=0.011).
结论:无PV可视化的患者会出现CPSS相关并发症,应考虑使用预防性方法进行早期治疗,即使他们没有症状。
方法:三级。
BACKGROUND: Although congenital portosystemic shunts (CPSSs) are increasingly being recognized, the optimal treatment strategies and natural prognosis remain unclear, as individual CPSSs show different phenotypes.
METHODS: The medical records of 122 patients who were diagnosed with CPSSs at 15 participating hospitals in Japan between 2000 and 2019 were collected for a retrospective analysis based on the state of portal vein (PV) visualization on imaging.
RESULTS: Among the 122 patients, 75 (61.5%) showed PV on imaging. The median age at the diagnosis was 5 months. The main complications related to CPSS were hyperammonemia (85.2%), liver masses (25.4%), hepatopulmonary shunts (13.9%), and pulmonary hypertension (11.5%). The prevalence of complications was significantly higher in patients without PV visualization than in those with PV visualization (P < 0.001). Overall, 91 patients (74.6%) received treatment, including shunt closure by surgery or interventional radiology (n = 82) and liver transplantation (LT) or liver resection (n = 9). Over the past 20 years, there has been a decrease in the number of patients undergoing LT. Although most patients showed improvement or reduced progression of symptoms, liver masses and pulmonary hypertension were less likely to improve after shunt closure. Complications related to shunt closure were more likely to occur in patients without PV visualization (P = 0.001). In 25 patients (20.5%) without treatment, those without PV visualization were significantly more likely to develop complications related to CPSS than those with PV visualization (P = 0.011).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients without PV visualization develop CPSS-related complications and, early treatment using prophylactic approaches should be considered, even if they are asymptomatic.
METHODS: Level III.