■外泌体是所有细胞类型分泌的最小的细胞外囊泡(30-150nm),包括滑液.然而,因为生物液体很复杂,异质,含有污染物,他们的隔离是困难和耗时的。此外,骨关节炎(OA)的病理生理学涉及携带复杂成分的外泌体,这些成分导致巨噬细胞释放趋化因子和促炎细胞因子。这篇叙述性综述旨在为外泌体生物学提供深入的见解,隔离技术,在OA病理生理学中的作用,以及在未来OA治疗中的潜在作用。
■使用PubMed进行了文献检索,Scopus,和WebofScience数据库,用于使用关键词“外泌体”和“骨关节炎”进行骨关节炎外泌体研究。包括过去15年中涉及人类和动物模型的相关文章。其他炎症性疾病中涉及外泌体的研究被排除。
■尽管取得了一些进展,分离外泌体的常规技术仍然是费力和困难的,需要复杂和耗时的程序在各种体液和样品来源。此外,外泌体参与与OA相关的各种生理过程,像软骨钙化,骨关节炎关节的退化,和炎症。
■实现标准化的过程,一体化,和高吞吐量的外泌体隔离设备是具有挑战性和耗时的。各种方法的整合可以通过利用它们的互补利益来有效地解决具体问题。外泌体具有有效修复受损软骨OA的潜力,减少炎症,维持软骨基质的形成和分解之间的平衡,因此显示出有望作为OA的治疗选择。
UNASSIGNED: Exosomes are the smallest extracellular vesicles (30-150 nm) secreted by all cell types, including synovial fluid. However, because biological fluids are complex, heterogeneous, and contain contaminants, their isolation is difficult and time-consuming. Furthermore, the
pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) involves exosomes carrying complex components that cause macrophages to release chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines. This narrative review aims to provide in-depth insights into exosome biology, isolation techniques, role in OA
pathophysiology, and potential role in future OA therapeutics.
UNASSIGNED: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for studies involving exosomes in the osteoarthritis using keywords \"Exosomes\" and \"Osteoarthritis\". Relevant articles in the last 15 years involving both human and animal models were included. Studies involving exosomes in other inflammatory diseases were excluded.
UNASSIGNED: Despite some progress, conventional techniques for isolating exosomes remain laborious and difficult, requiring intricate and time-consuming procedures across various body fluids and sample origins. Moreover, exosomes are involved in various physiological processes associated with OA, like cartilage calcification, degradation of osteoarthritic joints, and inflammation.
UNASSIGNED: The process of achieving standardization, integration, and high throughput of exosome isolation equipment is challenging and time-consuming. The integration of various methodologies can be employed to effectively address specific issues by leveraging their complementary benefits. Exosomes have the potential to effectively repair damaged cartilage OA, reduce inflammation, and maintain a balance between the formation and breakdown of cartilage matrix, therefore showing promise as a therapeutic option for OA.