葫芦种子油含有约75%的不饱和脂肪酸,具有高水平的单不饱和脂肪酸和抗氧化剂化合物,如维生素E和类胡萝卜素,在营养方面构成了一种有前途的食物。此外,C.moschata的巴西种质表现出显着的变异性,代表了这种蔬菜和其他葫芦遗传育种的重要来源。本研究评估了91C种子油的生产率和概况。来自巴西不同地区的moschata种质保存在维萨联邦大学(BGH-UFV)的蔬菜种质库中。在2016年1月至7月之间进行了现场实验。这些种质在与种子油生产率(SOP)相关的特征方面表现出很高的遗传变异性,例如每个水果的种子重量和种子的生产力,分别提供29.39g和0.26tha-1的预测选择增益。基于表型和基因型的相关性,可以实现更大的SOP,同时保持高油酸浓度和低亚油酸浓度,提供更好的营养和化学质量的油。在变异性分析中,这些物种被分为五组,种子油的SOP和脂肪酸浓度的平均值不同,该方法将指导在针对SOP和种子油概况的遗传育种计划中使用适当的种质。本身分析确定BGH-4610,BGH-5485A,BGH-6590,BGH-5556A,BGH-5472A,BGH-5544A是标准操作规程中最有希望的产品,平均(μ+g)约为0.20tha-1。最有希望获得更高油酸浓度的种子油是BGH-5456A,BGH-3333A,BGH-5361A,BGH-5472A,BGH-5544A,BGH-5453A,和BGH-1749,平均(μ+g)约为30%,几乎所有这些都是最有希望的,在种子油的亚油酸浓度较低,平均(μ+g)约为45%。本研究中评估的部分C.moschata种质可以作为SOP和脂肪酸谱遗传育种计划中的有希望的资源,旨在生产具有更好营养和物理化学质量的油。
Cucurbita moschata D. seed oil contains approximately 75% unsaturated fatty acids, with high levels of monounsaturated fatty acids and antioxidant compounds such as vitamin E and carotenoids, constituting a promising food in nutritional terms. In addition, the Brazilian germplasm of C. moschata exhibits remarkable variability, representing an important source for the genetic breeding of this vegetable and other cucurbits. The present study evaluated the productivity and profile of the seed oil of 91C. moschata accessions from different regions of Brazil maintained in the Vegetable Germplasm Bank of the Federal University of Viçosa (BGH-UFV). A field experiment was conducted between January and July 2016. The accessions showed high genetic variability in terms of characteristics related to seed oil productivity (SOP), such as the weight of seeds per fruit and productivity of seeds, providing predicted selection gains of 29.39 g and 0.26 t ha-1, respectively. Based on the phenotypic and genotypic correlations, a greater SOP can be achieved while maintaining a high oleic acid concentration and low linoleic acid concentration, providing oil of better nutritional and chemical quality. In the variability analysis, the accessions were clustered into five groups, which had different averages for SOP and fatty acid concentration of seed oil, an approach that will guide the use of appropriate germplasm in programs aimed at genetic breeding for SOP and seed oil profile. Per se analysis identified BGH-4610, BGH-5485A, BGH-6590, BGH-5556A, BGH-5472A, and BGH-5544A as the most promising accessions in terms of SOP, with an average (μ + g) of approximately 0.20 t ha-1. The most promising accessions for a higher oleic acid concentration of seed oil were BGH-5456A, BGH-3333A, BGH-5361A, BGH-5472A, BGH-5544A, BGH-5453A, and BGH-1749, with an average (μ + g) of approximately 30%, almost all of which were also the most promising in terms of a lower linoleic acid concentration of the seed oil, with an average (μ + g) of approximately 45%. Part of the C. moschata accessions evaluated in the present study can serve as a promising resource in genetic breeding programs for SOP and fatty acid profile, aiming at the production of oil with better nutritional and physicochemical quality.