目标:西方文化中的下属通常更喜欢具有民主而不是专制领导风格的主管。不清楚,然而,更多自恋的下属是否分享或挑战这种民主的默认态度。一方面,更多自恋的人争取权力,因此可能倾向于民主监督者,通过参与赋予他们权力。另一方面,相似性吸引和,因此,更多自恋的下属可能会偏爱专制的主管,他们表现出与领导职位相同的领导风格。
方法:四项研究(Ntotal=1284)用两个自恋维度测试了这些相互竞争的假设:钦佩和竞争。参与者指出了他们通常喜欢的主管领导风格(研究1),对他们自己的主管领导风格进行评级(研究2a:个人评级;研究2b:团队评级),并评估了民主和专制监督者的概况(研究3)。
结果:我们发现,在更多自恋的下属中,民主默认态度明显减弱:下属的自恋与民主监督者的认可呈负相关,与专制监督者的认可呈正相关。这些关系主要是由自恋的竞争而不是自恋的钦佩驱动的。
结论:结果有助于澄清自恋人格,特别是,更多自恋的下属更喜欢被领导。
OBJECTIVE: Subordinates in Western cultures generally prefer supervisors with a democratic rather than autocratic leadership style. It is unclear, however, whether more narcissistic subordinates share or challenge this prodemocratic default attitude. On the one hand, more narcissistic individuals strive for power and thus may favor a democratic supervisor, who grants them power through participation. On the other hand, similarity attracts and, thus, more narcissistic subordinates may favor an autocratic supervisor, who exhibits the same leadership style that they would adopt in a leadership position.
METHODS: Four studies (Ntotal = 1284) tested these competing hypotheses with two
narcissism dimensions: admiration and rivalry. Participants indicated the leadership style they generally prefer in a supervisor (Study 1), rated their own supervisor\'s leadership style (Study 2a: individual ratings; Study 2b: team ratings), and evaluated profiles of democratic and autocratic supervisors (Study 3).
RESULTS: We found a significantly weaker prodemocratic default attitude among more narcissistic subordinates: Subordinates\'
narcissism was negatively related to endorsement of democratic supervisors and positively related to endorsement of autocratic supervisors. Those relations were mostly driven by narcissistic rivalry rather than narcissistic admiration.
CONCLUSIONS: The results help clarify the narcissistic personality and, in particular, how more narcissistic subordinates prefer to be led.