Myoepithelioma is a benign salivary gland tumor. Central myoepitheliomas are very rare. The aim of this report was to describe a case of maxillary myoepithelioma. A 14-year-old female patient presented with an multilocular lesion in the anterior maxilla, with nearly 8 months of duration. The lesion was asymptomatic, and the patient\'s dental history was unremarkable. The diagnostic hypothesis was an odontogenic tumor. Biopsy specimen consisted of nests of plasmacytoid cells in a myxoid stroma without duct formation. No cellular atypia or bone and cartilage formation were noted. The neoplastic cells were positive for Pan-cytokeratin, S100, CK7, and CK8. The final diagnosis was myoepithelioma. The patient was treated by surgical excision followed by bone curettage, and no signs of recurrence were found after 8 years of treatment.

BACKGROUND: Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma (AFS) is a rare malignant odontogenic tumor, commonly occurring in young adults and typically affecting the mandibular region. We report an exceptionally rare and highly atypical case of AFS in an elderly female patient originating from the maxillary bone.
METHODS: A 66-year-old woman was admitted with a two-week history of a lump in her left upper molar. CT scans suggested a cyst in the maxillary bone. An incisional biopsy revealed a spindle cell neoplasm. MRI showed abnormalities in the left maxilla, indicating a possible tumorous lesion. The patient underwent a subtotal maxillectomy, wide tumor excision, intraoral epithelial flap transplantation, and dental extraction. Histology identified atypical tumor cells with visible mitotic figures. Immunohistochemistry showed negative for PCK and CD34 expression, but positive for Vimentin and SMA expression. The Ki-67 proliferation index ranged from 30 to 50%. These findings suggested a potentially malignant soft tissue tumor in the left maxilla, leaning towards a diagnosis of AFS. The patient received postoperative radiotherapy. There was no recurrence during the six-month follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on repeated pathological evidence, we report a rare case of an elderly female with AFS originating from the maxillary bone. Surgery and postoperative radiotherapy resulted in a favorable outcome.

BACKGROUND: Neurofibroma is a common benign tumor of neuronal origin that can occur as a solitary tumor or as a component of the generalized syndrome of neurofibromatosis. Neurofibromas are primarily located in the subcutaneous soft tissues and commonly involve extra-oral sites. Solitary intraosseous neurofibromas of the oral cavity are infrequent, with occurrences in the maxilla being exceedingly rare.
METHODS: A 22-year-old male patient presented with an asymptomatic mass in the maxilla. Cone-beam computed tomography revealed a round, well-outlined, radiolucent lesion with expansive growth. The neoplasm with the complete capsule was completely removed and confirmed as a neurofibroma based on histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. The reported cases of solitary intraosseous neurofibromas located in the maxilla published in the English literature were compiled to assist in the diagnosis of solitary intraosseous neurofibromas of the maxilla. Nine months after the surgery, there were no signs of tumor recurrence or malignant transformation.
CONCLUSIONS: This report emphasizes that rare locations of neurofibromas, such as solitary intraosseous neurofibromas in the maxilla, typically demonstrate nonspecific clinical and radiological features. Clinicians should consider solitary intraosseous neurofibromas as possible differential diagnoses and recognize the histopathological and immunohistochemical features to confirm the correct diagnosis. A longer follow-up period is required because of the potential for local recurrence and malignant transformation of these tumors.

暂无摘要。

OBJECTIVE: Prosthetics for patients after oncological resection of the upper jaw is a complex problem associated with the physiological and anatomical separation of the oral cavity and the nasal/paranasal region. This study reports the clinical results of the use of the zygomatic implants for prosthetic rehabilitation in patients with maxillectomy due to upper jaw tumors.
METHODS: The study included 16 patients who underwent prosthetic rehabilitation using a zygomatic implant after maxillectomy period from 2021 to 2023. After the tumor was removed, immediate surgical obturators were placed. Main prosthetic rehabilitation was performed 6-12 months after tumor removal, but before that, a temporary obturator was made and used. Six-twelve months after tumor resection, 1-4 zygomatic implants were inserted into the zygomatic bone unilaterally or bilaterally. A total of 42 zygomatic implants were installed, 2 of which were unsuccessful and were removed in 1 patient. The implants were placed using the surgical guide, which was planned and prepared digitally.
RESULTS: No postsurgical complications were seen, and the patients were discharged from the hospital after 7-10 days. The patients were able to return to a normal diet (hard food) after just 7 days following surgery, with no further complaints regarding function or pain, apart from the residual edema caused by the intervention.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of prostheses fixed on zygomatic implants in patients with maxillary defects is an effective method of prosthodontic rehabilitation in complex clinical cases after maxillectomy.

Odontome gelten zusammen mit den Amelo- blastomen als die häufigsten odontogenen Tumoren. Sie entstehen während der embryo- nalen Zahnkeimentwicklung durch fehlerhaft differenziertes Keimgewebe und werden daher auch als Hamartome bezeichnet. Somit sind sie also strenggenommen keine klassischen Neoplasien.

BACKGROUND: Although numerous syndromic and non-syndromic odontogenic lesions of the jaws have been documented in the literature, there are very few cases of simultaneous benign and malignant jaw lesions.
METHODS: We present a case of right maxillary squamous cell carcinoma along with several benign odontogenic cystic lesions of the jaws and skeletal abnormalities that meet the criteria for Gorlin-Goltz syndrome.
UNASSIGNED: With a review of the literature, the specifics of management and follow-up are discussed.

BACKGROUND: Peripheral ossifying fibroma is a nonneoplastic inflammatory hyperplasia that originates in the periodontal ligament or periosteum in response to chronic mechanical irritation. Peripheral ossifying fibroma develops more commonly in young females as a solitary, slow-growing, exophytic nodular mass of the gingiva, no more than 2 cm in diameter. While various synonyms have been used to refer to peripheral ossifying fibroma, very similar names have also been applied to neoplastic diseases that are pathologically distinct from peripheral ossifying fibroma, causing considerable nomenclatural confusion. Herein, we report our experience with an unusual giant peripheral ossifying fibroma with a differential diagnostic challenge in distinguishing it from a malignancy.
METHODS: A 68-year-old Japanese male was referred to our department with a suspected gingival malignancy presenting with an elastic hard, pedunculated, exophytic mass 60 mm in diameter in the right maxillary gingiva. In addition to computed tomography showing extensive bone destruction in the right maxillary alveolus, positron emission tomography with computed tomography revealed fluorodeoxyglucose hyperaccumulation in the gingival lesion. Although these clinical findings were highly suggestive of malignancy, repeated preoperative biopsies showed no evidence of malignancy. Since even intraoperative frozen histological examination revealed no malignancy, surgical resection was performed in the form of partial maxillectomy for benign disease, followed by thorough curettage of the surrounding granulation tissue and alveolar bone. Histologically, the excised mass consisted primarily of a fibrous component with sparse proliferation of atypical fibroblast-like cells, partly comprising ossification, leading to a final diagnosis of peripheral ossifying fibroma. No relapse was observed at the 10-month follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: The clinical presentation of giant peripheral ossifying fibromas can make the differential diagnosis from malignancy difficult. Proper diagnosis relies on recognition of the characteristic histopathology and identification of the underlying chronic mechanical stimuli, while successful treatment mandates complete excision of the lesion and optimization of oral hygiene. Complicated terminological issues associated with peripheral ossifying fibroma require appropriate interpretation and sufficient awareness of the disease names to avoid diagnostic confusion and provide optimal management.

BACKGROUND: Currently, the differentiation of jaw tumors is mainly based on the lesion\'s morphology rather than the enhancement characteristics, which are important in the differentiation of neoplasms across the body. There is a paucity of literature on the enhancement characteristics of jaw tumors. This is mainly because, even though computed tomography (CT) is used to evaluate these lesions, they are often imaged without intravenous contrast. This study hypothesised that the enhancement characteristics of the solid component of jaw tumors can aid in the differentiation of these lesions in addition to their morphology by dual-energy CT, therefore improving the ability to differentiate between various pathologies.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of contrast enhancement and dual-energy quantitative parameters in CT in the differentiation of jaw tumors.
METHODS: Fifty-seven patients with jaw tumors underwent contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT. Morphological analysis of the tumor, including the enhancing solid component, was done, followed by quantitative analysis of iodine concentration (IC), water concentration (WC), HU, and normalized IC. The study population was divided into four subgroups based on histopathological analysis-central giant cell granuloma (CGCG), ameloblastoma, odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), and other jaw tumors. A one-way ANOVA test for parametric variables and the Kruskal-Wallis test for non-parametric variables were used. If significant differences were found, a series of independent t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests were used.
RESULTS: Ameloblastoma was the most common pathology (n = 20), followed by CGCG (n = 11) and OKC. CGCG showed a higher mean concentration of all quantitative parameters than ameloblastomas (P < 0.05). An IC threshold of 31.35 × 100 μg/cm3 had the maximum sensitivity (81.8%) and specificity (65%). Between ameloblastomas and OKC, the former showed a higher mean concentration of all quantitative parameters (P < 0.001), however when comparing unilocular ameloblastomas with OKCs, the latter showed significantly higher WC. Also, ameloblastoma had a higher IC and lower WC compared to \"other jaw tumors\" group.
CONCLUSIONS: Enhancement characteristics of solid components combined with dual-energy parameters offer a more precise way to differentiate between jaw tumors.

Our patient initially presented with 6 months of left jaw pain and gingival bleeding, leading to the discovery of a radiolucent left maxillary mass on dental evaluation. A biopsy confirmed clear cell odontogenic carcinoma, and the patient was treated with definitive surgery and radiation for localised disease. Unfortunately, the patient was found to have pulmonary metastases 3 months after initial management and was subsequently treated with a combination of cytotoxic chemotherapy and immunotherapy with a partial response. To our knowledge, this is the first case demonstrating the successful use of chemoimmunotherapy in metastatic clear cell odontogenic carcinoma.